Book CXI.
Marcus Caelius Rufus, the praetor, [Y.R. 704. B.C. 48,] having excited a sedition in the
city, by holding out hopes to the people that their debts should be annulled, his office
being taken from him, was driven from the city: he joined Milo, who, being in exile,
[p. 2205] was raising an army of fugitives: they were both slain while
preparing for war. Cleopatra, queen of Egypt, was dethroned by her brother Ptolemy. The
Cordubians in Spain, harassed by the extortion and oppression of the praetor, Quintus
Cassius, desert Caesar's party, together with two legions. Cneius Pompeius being besieged
by Caesar at Dyrracchium, beats him out of his lines; the siege being raised, the seat of
war was removed to Thessaly; Caesar conquered Pompeius in a battle at Pharsalia. Cicero
remained in the camp, as he was a man better calculated for any thing than war. Caesar
granted a free pardon to all who submitted themselves to his power.