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Why was it not permitted for the priest of Jupiter, whom they call the Flamen Dialis, to touch either flour or yeast?1

Is it because flour is an incomplete and crude food? For neither has it remained what it was, wheat, nor has it become what it must become, bread; but it has both lost the germinative power of the seed and at the same time it has not attained to the usefulness of food. Wherefore also the Poet by a metaphor applied to barley-meal the epithet mylephatosas,2 if it were being killed or destroyed in the grinding.

Yeast is itself also the product of corruption, and produces corruption in the dough with which it is mixed ; for the dough becomes flabby and inert, and altogether the process of leavening seems to be one of putrefaction3; at any rate if it goes too far, it completely sours and spoils the flour. [p. 163]

1 Cf. Aulus Gellius, x. 15. 19.

2 Homer, Od. ii. 355: ‘mill-slaughtered.’

3 Cf. Moralia, 659 b.

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