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It is confessed by all, that the reign of Numa, which
lasted longest, was conducted by a wonderful good fortune.
For as to the story of the wise goddess Egeria, one of the
Dryades,—that she being in love conversed familiarly with
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him, and assisted him in laying the platform and cementing
the frame of the commonwealth,—it appears to be rather
fabulous than true, since there were others that had Goddesses for their wives and are said to have been loved by
them, such as Peleus, Anchises, Orion, and Emathion, who,
for all that, did not live so pleasantly and free from trouble.
But Numa seems to have had good fortune for his domestic
companion and colleague in the government, which, receiving the city of Rome into her protection, at such time
as she was tossed like a troublesome sea by the wars of
neighboring states, and inflamed with intestine feuds, did
quickly heal those breaches and allay those storms that
threatened her ruin. And as the sea is said to receive the
halcyon brood in a tempest, which it preserves and nourishes; so the people of Rome being lately gathered together, after various commotions and tossings, were by
Fortune delivered from all wars, diseases, dangers, and
terrors, and settled in such a lasting peace, that they had
time and leisure to take root in their new soil and grow
up securely into a well-compacted city. For as a great
ship or galley is not made without many blows, and much
force from hammers, nails, wedges, saws, and axes, and
being once built, it must rest for some time upon the stocks,
until the bands of its structure grow strong and tenacious,
and the nails be well fastened which hold its parts together, lest, being launched while it is loose and unsettled,
the hulk should be shattered by the concussion of the
waves and let in the water,—so the first artificer of Rome,
having built the city of rustical men and shepherds, as on
strong foundations, was forced to endure hard labor and
maintain dangerous wars against those who opposed its
first origination and institution; but after it was once
framed and compacted by this force, the second artificer,
by the benignity of Fortune, gave it so long rest and peace,
till all its parts were consolidated and settled in a firm and
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lasting posture. But if at that time, when the city was
newly built, some Porsena had advanced the Etruscan
camp and army to the walls, being yet moist and trembling,
or some warlike revolter of the Marsian grandees, or some
envious and contentious Lucanian, such as in latter times
were Mutius or the bold Silo, or the last plague of Sylla's
faction, Telesinus, who with one alarm armed all Italy,—
if any of these, I say, had encompassed the philosopher
Numa with the sound of trumpets, while he was sacrificing
and praying to the Gods, the city being yet unsettled and
unfinished, he could never have resisted so great a torrent
and tempest, nor increased unto so great numbers of stout
and valiant men.
That long time of peace therefore in Numa's reign did
prepare and fortify the Romans against all the wars which
happened afterwards; for by its continuance, during the
space of forty-three years, the body of the people was
confirmed in that athletic habit which they acquired in the
war under Romulus, and which generally prevailed henceforward against all their enemies. For in these years they
say Rome was not afflicted with famine or pestilence, with
barrenness of the earth, or any notable calamity by winter
or summer; all which must be attributed, not to human
prudence, but to the good conduct of divine Fortune governing for that time. Then the double gate of Janus was
shut, which they call the gate of war, because it is always
opened in time of war and shut in time of peace. After
Numa's death, it was opened again when the war with
the Albans commenced, which was followed with other
wars without number in a continued series of time; but
after four hundred and eighty years, it was shut again
when peace was concluded at the end of the first Punic
war, in the consulship of Caius Atilius and Titus Manlius.
The next year it was opened again, and the wars lasted
until the victory which Augustus obtained at Actium.
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Then the Roman arms rested but a little while; for the
tumults from Cantabria and the wars with the Gauls and
Germans breaking in upon them quickly disturbed the
peace. These things I have added to explain this argument of the good fortune of Numa.
Plutarch. Plutarch's Morals. Translated from the Greek by several hands. Corrected and revised by. William W. Goodwin, PH. D. Boston. Little, Brown, and Company. Cambridge. Press Of John Wilson and son. 1874. 4.
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