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1824 AD (search for this): chapter 2
rity of purpose, of high integrity of life, with a profound sense of religion, and severe simplicity of manners, his example was a perpetual rebuke to the conceitedness of learning, the vanity of youthful scholarship, and the habit of vain and shallow thought. His influence is deeply stamped on the literature of Harvard. Side by side with the North American Review grew up another periodical which, though denominational, was a sort of adjunct to it,--the Christian Examiner, established in 1824. It was first edited by Rev. John G. Palfrey, D. D., of Cambridge, and afterwards for a long time by the Rev. William Ware of Cambridge, better known by his historical romances Zenobia and Probus. These tales had long a high reputation, and reprints of them still appear in England. The Christian Examiner existed for forty-five years, and although for many years it paid nothing to contributors, it yet rendered distinct literary service, whatever may be thought of its theology. Nor must be
1850 AD (search for this): chapter 2
little profit to their authors, brought sometimes disaster. Bowen, for instance, whose self-willed and somewhat disputative temperament made him many enemies, lost the Professorship of American History in Harvard University through a series of attacks on the Hungarian revolutionists for whom Kossuth had aroused much interest in this country. Bowen's views were strongly contested by a man of uncommon ability, Robert Carter, also of Cambridge, who wrote a series of papers in the Boston Atlas (1850) in defence of Kossuth and his party; and these papers, being reprinted in a pamphlet, were said to have caused the refusal of the Board of Overseers to confirm Bowen's nomination as Professor of History. Three years later, however, he was appointed Alford Professor of Natural Religion, Moral Philosophy, and Civil Polity, a position which he held until his death. He was a man of immense reading, keen mind, and was not without those qualities which Lord Byron thought essential to an historia
1836 AD (search for this): chapter 2
ral different points in Old Cambridge. The plan of a new periodical had been discussed between Hedge and Margaret Fullerboth natives of Cambridge — as early as March 5, 1835, the latter writing, Your periodical plan charms me. In the autumn of 1836, the bicentennial of Harvard University was held, and four young clergymen — Emerson, Hedge, Ripley, and Putnam-had an almost casual meeting at Willard's Hotel, now the electric railway station at Harvard Square in Cambridge; where began a series eriodically as an occasional resurrection in the newspapers, but always as a translation from some supposed poem of Goethe. Dwight was very probably a divinity student at Cambridge when this poem was composed, he having left that institution in 1836; and enough has at any rate been written to show that Cambridge was in many respects the seed-ground of that intellectual impulse which was harvested later at the house of Emerson in Concord, whither he removed in 1834, having left Cambridge in 1
May 20th (search for this): chapter 2
on, Lowell, Motley, Holmes, Cabot, Underwood, and the publisher Phillips, to talk about the new magazine the last wishes to establish. It will no doubt be done; though I am not so eager about it as the rest. Journal and letters, II. pp. 298, 299. Compare Phillips's letter in Cooke's J. S. Dwight, p. 243. There were apparently but eight persons at this dinner, one-half of these being of Cambridge birth or residence, since Underwood had lately removed thither. Assuming that the meeting of May 20th was that of which Underwood speaks, we know that Longfellow, Underwood, and Felton were there, and probably Holmes and Lowell, so that this company also was half or almost half made up of Cantabrigians. At any rate, the two original editors, Lowell and Underwood, were Cantabrigians by residence; and Lowell could now transfer to it, on a more liberal scale, the plans which he and Robert Carter had formed for the short-lived Pioneer. In the later period of the magazine, Howells at one time r
November (search for this): chapter 2
is pale Massachusetts sky, this sandy soil and raw wind, all shall nurture us:-- O Nature, less is all of thine, Than are thy borrowings from our human breast. Rich skies, fair fields, shall come to us, suffused with the immortal hues of spirit, of beauteous act and thought. Unlike all the world before us, our own age and land shall be classic to ourselves. This was the attitude of mind which the new periodical was to represent; but Alcott writes of its prospects in his diary (November I, 1839): Half a dozen men exhaust our list of contributors; Emerson, Hedge, Miss Fuller, Ripley, [W. H.] Channing, Dwight, [J. F.] Clarke, are our dependence. It is to be noticed that, of this club of seven, Hedge and Miss Fuller were Cambridge born; Emerson and Channing had resided in Cambridge with their parents; while all but Miss Fuller were Harvard graduates. This certainly established at the outset a very close connection between the new literary movement and Old Cambridge; and amo
1840 AD (search for this): chapter 2
Chapter 2: old Cambridge in three literary epochs The literary epochs of New England may be said to have been three: the first issue of the North American Review (1815), that of the Dial (1840), and that of the Atlantic Monthly (1857). During each of these epochs a peculiarly important part was taken by Cambridge men. 1. the north American Review The North American Review, though preceded in Boston by the short-lived Massachusetts Magazine and the Monthly Anthology, yet achieved anssay on critics, by Margaret Fuller,--both these being in the first number,--and an essay in the second number called The art of life; the scholar's calling, by Hedge. The latter has passages distinctly bearing on our literary future as seen from 1840:-- Hitherto our literature has been but an echo of other voices and climes. Generally, in the history of nations, song has preceded science, and the feeling of a people has been sooner developed than its understanding. With us this order has
December 5th (search for this): chapter 2
inent as giving character to the Magazine, will occupy but a small portion of its pages. Current literary topics, new books, the Fine Arts, and other matters of interest to the reading public will receive the most careful attention. I am desired to request you to become a contributor. If you are disposed to favor the project, and have anything written at this time, please forward the Ms. with your reply. If not, please state whether we may expect to receive an article soon-if before Dec. 5th, it will materially oblige us. If permitted, we shall announce you as a contributor, in the prospectus. The articles will all be anonymous, as in Putnam's Monthly. Your early attention is respectfully solicited. With high regard, Truly yours, Francis H. Underwood. Boston, November 25, 1853. My Dear Sir, Our Magazine is not yet definitely determined upon. Probably, however, it will be commenced. The letters I wrote for the enlistment of contributors have been mostly answere
1839 AD (search for this): chapter 2
ncy of the new movement in a yet more marked way, a young Harvard graduate, Robert Bartlett of Plymouth, then Latin tutor at the University, who was an occasional member or visitor of the Symposium Club, had taken for his Master of Arts oration in 1839 this daring theme, No good possible but shall one day be real, and had thus boldly turned his searchlight upon the position and prospects of American literature :-- When Horace was affecting to make himself a Greek poet, the genius of his couauteous act and thought. Unlike all the world before us, our own age and land shall be classic to ourselves. This was the attitude of mind which the new periodical was to represent; but Alcott writes of its prospects in his diary (November I, 1839): Half a dozen men exhaust our list of contributors; Emerson, Hedge, Miss Fuller, Ripley, [W. H.] Channing, Dwight, [J. F.] Clarke, are our dependence. It is to be noticed that, of this club of seven, Hedge and Miss Fuller were Cambridge born; Em
January 5th (search for this): chapter 2
t is at the rate of three dollars for such pages as Putnam's, though it is probable that we shall use a trifle larger type than our New York contemporary. Poetry, of course, we pay for according to value. There are not above six men in America (known to me) to whom I would pay anything for poetry. There is no medium; it is good or it is good-for-nothing. Lowell I esteem most; after him Whittier (the last I confidently expect to secure). The first no. will probably be late — as late as Jan. 5, or even Ioth. It is unavoidable. But in Feb. we shall get before the wind. Mr. Jewett will be liberal as to heresy. Indeed he is almost a heretic himself. For myself I am a member of Mr. Parker's society; but as we must get support moral and pecuniary from the whole community, we shall strive to offend neither side. In haste, Most gratefully yours, Francis H. Underwood. The magazine thus indicated, which was clearly identified in plan and material with the Atlantic, was dela
May 20th, 1857 AD (search for this): chapter 2
learly identified in plan and material with the Atlantic, was delayed four years in its birth by the business failure of John P. Jewett & Co., who were to have been its publishers. Mr. Underwood himself says, in the same article, After long efforts the due cooperation was secured and responsible publishers were found to take it up. He elsewhere states, It was planned at a dinner where fourteen persons were present. This was presumably the dinner of which Longfellow says in his diary (May 20, 1857): Dined in town with the new Magazine Club, discussing title, etc., with no result. He has already spoken of a previous meeting (May 5), when he dined in town with Emerson, Lowell, Motley, Holmes, Cabot, Underwood, and the publisher Phillips, to talk about the new magazine the last wishes to establish. It will no doubt be done; though I am not so eager about it as the rest. Journal and letters, II. pp. 298, 299. Compare Phillips's letter in Cooke's J. S. Dwight, p. 243. There were appa
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