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Browsing named entities in Titus Livius (Livy), Ab Urbe Condita, books 5-7 (ed. Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D.).

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layer; they no longer —as before —alternately threw off rude lines hastily improvised, like the Fescennines,The name was derived by the ancients either from Fescennia, a place in Etruria, or from fascinum, a phallic symbol. but performed medleys, full of musical measures, to melodies which were now written out to go with the flute, and with appropriate gesticulation. LiviusLivius Andronicus, a Greek captured at Tarentum, produced the first translation of a Greek play into Latin, in 240 B.C. was the first, some years later, to abandonB.C. 364 saturae and compose a play with a plot. Like everyone else in those days, he acted his own pieces; and the story goes that when his voice, owing to the frequent demands made upon it, had lost its freshness, he asked and obtained the indulgence to let a boy stand before the flautist to sing the monody, while he acted it himself, with a vivacity of gesture that gained considerably from his not having to use his voice. From tha
charge of treason.For another instance of this procedure, see I. xxvi. 5. The tribunes flung him from the Tarpeian Rock, and the same spot served to commemorate extraordinary fame and the extremity of punishment, as experienced by the self-same man. To his death were added marks of ignominy: one of a public nature, because the people were asked to vote that, since his house had stood where the temple and mint of Moneta now are,The temple of Juno Moneta, vowed by Lucius Furius Camillus (345 B.C.) was dedicated June 1st, 344. Money was coined in this temple. no patrician might dwell in the Citadel or the Capitol; the other proceeding from his family, in that the Manlian clan made a decree forbidding anyone thenceforth to bear the name of Marcus Manlius.As a matter of fact, no patrician Marcus Manlius of a later date is known to us. Such was the end of a man who, had he not been born in a free state, would have left a memorable name. In a short time the people, remembering
ame year a colony was sent out to Satricum by the Antiates, and that city, which had been destroyed by the Latins, was rebuilt. Further, a treaty was entered into at Rome with envoys of the Carthaginians, who had come seeking friendship and an alliance.This is the first mention in Livy of a treaty with the Carthaginians, and Diodorus (XVI. lxix.) also speaks of it as the first, but Polybius (III. xxii.) tells of a treaty between Rome and Carthage made in the first year of the Republic (509 B.C.). The same peaceful conditions continued at home and abroad during the consulship of Titus Manlius Torquatus and Gaius Plautius. But the rate of interest was reduced from one to one-half per cent.,cf. chap. xvi. § 1 and note. and debts were made payable, one-fourth down and the remainder in three annual instalments; even so some of the plebeians were distressed, but the public credit was of greater concern to the senate than were the hardships of single persons. What did the most t
as though the gods had already turned away, rejecting the proffered appeasement of their anger —filled the people with fear. And so when Gnaeus Genucius and Lucius Aemilius Mamercus (for the second time) were consuls, and men's minds were more troubled by the search for means of propitiation than were their bodies by disease, it is said that the elders recollected that a pestilence had once been allayed by the dictator's driving a nail.The instance here referred to may have occurred in 435 B.C., when Quintus Servilius Prisous was dictator (Iv. xxi 6-9). Induced thereto by this superstition, the senate ordered the appointment of a dictator to drive the nail. Lucius Manlius Imperiosus was appointed, and named Lucius Pinarius master of the horse. There is an ancient law, recorded in archaic words and letters, that the chief magistrate shall on the thirteenth of September drive a nail; the tablet was formerly affixed to the right side of the temple of Jupiter Optimus Max
of the plebs. One of these had to do with debt, providing that what had been paid as interest should be deducted from the original sum, and the remainder discharged in three annual instalments of equal size. A second set a limit on lands, prohibiting anyone from holding more than five hundred iugera.This law appears to have had reference only to the public lands. The reduction of excessive holdings was intended to make the land accommodate a large number of poorer tenants. In the year 357 B.C. Licinius was punished for transgressing his own law (vii. xvi. 9). A third did away with the election of military tribunes, and prescribed that of the consuls one, at any rate, should be chosen from the plebs. These were all matters of great moment, and it would not be possible to carry them without a tremendous struggle. Now when all the things that men immoderately covet, lands, money, and promotion, were jeopardized at once, the patricians became thoroughly alarmed; and failing, afte
ions; one of the two consulships must be set apart for the undisputed use of the plebs, for if left in dispute it would always fall a prize to the more powerful. Neither could it any longer be maintained —as the nobles had been wont to assert — that among the plebeians were none who were suitable for curule magistracies. Had the public administration been a jot more indifferent or slipshod since the tribuneship of Publius Licinius Calvus, who was the first man elected from the plebs,In 400 B.C. (v. xii. 9). than it had been during those years in which none but patricians had been military tribunes? Nay, on the contrary, several patricians had been impeached after holding the tribuneship, but not one plebeian. Quaestors, too, like military tribunes, had begun a few years before to be elected from the commons, nor had the Roman People regretted it in a single case. The consulship remained for the commons to achieve; this was the citadel of liberty, this its pillar. If they
th policies would have been finally disposed of, if the tribunes had not said that they were putting all these questions to the plebs collectively. Then Publius Manlius, becoming dictator, gave the affair a turn in favour of the plebs by naming Gaius Licinius,Not the tribune of the plebs, but possibly his father. Livy perhaps included him among the consular tribunes for 378 B.C. (cf. chap. xxxi. § 1; where the text is uncertain) or should have included him among those for the year 376 B.C., but has omitted the entire list (chap. xxxiv). Diod. xv. 57, gives Gaius Licinius as one of four consular tribunes for the year 378 B.C. who had been military tribune and was a commoner, his master of the horse. I find that the patricians took offence at this, but that the dictator was wont to excuse himself to them by alleging his close relationship to Licinius, and asserting that a master of the horse possessed no greater authority than a consular tribune. Licinius and Sextius, when
s collectively. Then Publius Manlius, becoming dictator, gave the affair a turn in favour of the plebs by naming Gaius Licinius,Not the tribune of the plebs, but possibly his father. Livy perhaps included him among the consular tribunes for 378 B.C. (cf. chap. xxxi. § 1; where the text is uncertain) or should have included him among those for the year 376 B.C., but has omitted the entire list (chap. xxxiv). Diod. xv. 57, gives Gaius Licinius as one of four consular tribunes for the year 378378 B.C. who had been military tribune and was a commoner, his master of the horse. I find that the patricians took offence at this, but that the dictator was wont to excuse himself to them by alleging his close relationship to Licinius, and asserting that a master of the horse possessed no greater authority than a consular tribune. Licinius and Sextius, when an assembly had been proclaimed for the election of plebeian tribunes, so bore themselves that while professing an unwillingness to be re
eous wars. By far the greatest number of the captives led before his chariot were Etruscans; they were sold under the spear,A sign that booty was to be sold at auction. and fetched so large a sum that after the matrons had been repaid for their gold,See v. 1. 6-7. the surplus sufficed to make three golden bowls, which were inscribed, as is well known, with the name of Camillus, and kept, until the burning of the Capitol,July 6th, 83 B.C. The restoration of the temple was completed 69 B.C. in the chapel of Jupiter, at Juno's feet. This year were received into the state such of the Veientes, Capenates, and Faliscans as had come over to the Romans in the course of these wars, and lands were allotted to these new citizens. There were also recalled from Veii to the City, by senatorial decree, those who being too indolent to build in Rome had taken possession of empty houses in Veii and had gone there to live. They had indeed murmured at first, and had flouted the order;
riumphedB.C. 388 for his victories in three simultaneous wars. By far the greatest number of the captives led before his chariot were Etruscans; they were sold under the spear,A sign that booty was to be sold at auction. and fetched so large a sum that after the matrons had been repaid for their gold,See v. 1. 6-7. the surplus sufficed to make three golden bowls, which were inscribed, as is well known, with the name of Camillus, and kept, until the burning of the Capitol,July 6th, 83 B.C. The restoration of the temple was completed 69 B.C. in the chapel of Jupiter, at Juno's feet. This year were received into the state such of the Veientes, Capenates, and Faliscans as had come over to the Romans in the course of these wars, and lands were allotted to these new citizens. There were also recalled from Veii to the City, by senatorial decree, those who being too indolent to build in Rome had taken possession of empty houses in Veii and had gone there to live. They had i
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