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Peloponnesus (Greece) (search for this): book 6, chapter 2
s the strait, and Pachynus, which lies out towards the east and is washed by the Sicilian Sea, thus facing towards the Peloponnesus and the sea-passage to Crete, and, third, Lilybaeum, the cape that is next to Libya, thus facing at the same time towaoceeds from Catana to Syracuse and Pachynus. Now the distance from Pachynus across to the mouth of the AlpheiusIn the Peloponnesus; now the Ruphis. is four thousand stadia; but when Artemidorus says that it is four thousand six hundred stadia fromo the sea.People tell the mythical story that the river Arethusa is the Alpheius, which latter, they say, rises in the Peloponnesus, flows underground through the sea as far as Arethusa, and then empties thence once more into the sea. And the kind o their sources. And the water in the territory of StymphalusStrabo refers to the lake of Stymphalus in Arcadia in the Peloponnesus. For a full description see Frazer's note on Paus. 8.22.1 first flows underground for two hundred stadia and then iss
461 BC (search for this): book 6, chapter 2
ut Catana lost its original inhabitants when Hiero, tyrant of Syracuse, established a different set of colonists there and called it Aetna instead of Catana.476 B.C. And Pindar too calls him the founder of Aetna when he say: "Attend to what I say to thee, O Father, whose name is that of the holy sacrifices,The Greek here for "sacrifices" is "hieron." founder of Aetna." But at the death of Hiero467 B.C. the Catanaeans came back, ejected the inhabitants, and demolished the tomb of the tyrant.461 B.C. And the Aetnaeans, on withdrawing, took up their abode in a hilly district of Aetna called Innesa, and called the place, which is eighty stadia from Catana, Aetna, and declared Hiero its founder. Now the city of Aetna is situated in the interior about over Catana, and shares most in the devastation caused by the action of the craters;Groskurd, Müller-Dübner, Forbiger, Tardieu, and Tozer (Selections, p. 174) supply as subject of "shares" a pronoun referring to Catana, assuming that Aetn
215 BC (search for this): book 6, chapter 2
sferred most of the inhabitants to Drepanum (at the foot of the mountain) in 260 B.C. After that time the city was of no consequence, but the sacred precinct, with its strong walls, remained a strategic position of great importance. so the temple is in want of men, and the multitude of temple-slaves has disappeared. In Rome, also, there is a reproduction of this goddess, I mean the temple before the Colline GateThe temple of Venus Erycina on the Capitol was dedicated by Q. Fabius Maximus in 215 B.C., whereas the one here referred to, outside the Colline Gate, was dedicated by L. Portius Licinus in 181 B.C. which is called that of Venus Erycina and is remarkable for its shrine and surrounding colonnade.But the rest of the settlementsi.e., the rest of the settlements on "the remaining sides" (mentioned at the beginning of section 5), as the subsequent clause shows. as well as most of the interior have come into the possession of shepherds; for I do not know of any settled population
260 BC (search for this): book 6, chapter 2
erior and for this reason some editors consider the passage out of place. is also inhabited. It has a temple of Aphrodite that is held in exceptional honor, and in early times was full of female temple-slaves, who had been dedicated in fulfillment of vows not only by the people of Sicily but also by many people from abroad; but at the present time, just as the settlement itself,Also called Eryx. Hamilcar Barca transferred most of the inhabitants to Drepanum (at the foot of the mountain) in 260 B.C. After that time the city was of no consequence, but the sacred precinct, with its strong walls, remained a strategic position of great importance. so the temple is in want of men, and the multitude of temple-slaves has disappeared. In Rome, also, there is a reproduction of this goddess, I mean the temple before the Colline GateThe temple of Venus Erycina on the Capitol was dedicated by Q. Fabius Maximus in 215 B.C., whereas the one here referred to, outside the Colline Gate, was dedica
214 BC (search for this): book 6, chapter 2
Italy on the north and on the west the Tyrrhenian Sea and the Islands of Aeolus. The cities along the side that forms the Strait are, first, Messene, and then Tauromenium, Catana, and Syracuse; but those that were between Catana and Syracuse have disappeared—NaxusFounded about 734 B.C. and destroyed by Dionysius in 403 B.C. (see Diod. Sic. 14.14), but it is placed by the commentators and maps between Tauromenium and Catana. and Megara;Founded about the same time as Naxus and destroyed about 214 B.C. and on this coast are the outlets of the Symaethus and all rivers that flow down from Aetna and have good harbors at their mouths; and here too is the promontory of Xiphonia. According to Ephorus these were the earliest Greek cities to be founded in Sicily, that is, in the tenth generation after the Trojan war; for before that time men were so afraid of the bands of Tyrrhenian pirates and the savagery of the barbarians in this region that they would not so much as sail thither for tr
183 BC (search for this): book 6, chapter 2
mixture of an iron and an aluminium sulphate, used in dyeing and in medicine. that brings in revenues,Diod. Sic. 5.10 says: "This island" (Lipara) "has the far-famed mines of styptic earth, from which the Liparaeans and Romans get great revenues." and hot springs, and fire blasts. Between Lipara and Sicily is Thermessa, which is now called Hiera of Hephaestus;i.e., "Sacred" Isle of Hephaestus. The isle is now called Vulcanello. It is supposed to be the island that rose from the sea about 183 B. C. (See Nissen, Italische Landeskunde I.251). the whole island is rocky, desert, and fiery, and it has three fire blasts, rising from three openings which one might call craters. From the largest the flames carry up also red-hot masses, which have already choked up a considerable part of the Strait. From observation it has been believed that the flames, both here and on Aetna, are stimulated along with the winds and that when the winds cease the flames cease too. And this is not unreas
123 BC (search for this): book 6, chapter 2
was seen forming on the surface of the sea, and in many places flames, smoke, and murky fire broke forth, but later the scum hardened and became as hard as mill-stone; and the governor of Sicily, Titus Flaminius,This Titus Flaminius, who must have lived "within the recollection" of Poseidonius, is otherwise unknown. If the text is correct, he was governor of Sicily about 90 B.C. Cp. Nissen, op. cit. II.251. But Du Theil, Corais and C. Müller emend to Titus "Flamininus," who was governor in 123 B.C., trying to connect this eruption with that which is generally put at 126 B.C. (cp. Pliny 2. 88 [89]). reported the event to the Senate, and the Senate sent a deputation to offer propitiatory sacrifices, both in the isletThe islet just created. and in Liparae, to the gods both of the underworld and of the Sea. Now, according to the Chorographer,See footnote 3 in Vol. II, p. 358. the distance from Ericodes to Phoenicodesi.e., Ericussa and Phoenicussa. is ten miles, and thence to Didyme th
467 BC (search for this): book 6, chapter 2
r, was founded by the same Naxians, whereas Tauromenium was founded by the Zanclaeans of Hybla; but Catana lost its original inhabitants when Hiero, tyrant of Syracuse, established a different set of colonists there and called it Aetna instead of Catana.476 B.C. And Pindar too calls him the founder of Aetna when he say: "Attend to what I say to thee, O Father, whose name is that of the holy sacrifices,The Greek here for "sacrifices" is "hieron." founder of Aetna." But at the death of Hiero467 B.C. the Catanaeans came back, ejected the inhabitants, and demolished the tomb of the tyrant.461 B.C. And the Aetnaeans, on withdrawing, took up their abode in a hilly district of Aetna called Innesa, and called the place, which is eighty stadia from Catana, Aetna, and declared Hiero its founder. Now the city of Aetna is situated in the interior about over Catana, and shares most in the devastation caused by the action of the craters;Groskurd, Müller-Dübner, Forbiger, Tardieu, and Tozer (S
126 BC (search for this): book 6, chapter 2
and murky fire broke forth, but later the scum hardened and became as hard as mill-stone; and the governor of Sicily, Titus Flaminius,This Titus Flaminius, who must have lived "within the recollection" of Poseidonius, is otherwise unknown. If the text is correct, he was governor of Sicily about 90 B.C. Cp. Nissen, op. cit. II.251. But Du Theil, Corais and C. Müller emend to Titus "Flamininus," who was governor in 123 B.C., trying to connect this eruption with that which is generally put at 126 B.C. (cp. Pliny 2. 88 [89]). reported the event to the Senate, and the Senate sent a deputation to offer propitiatory sacrifices, both in the isletThe islet just created. and in Liparae, to the gods both of the underworld and of the Sea. Now, according to the Chorographer,See footnote 3 in Vol. II, p. 358. the distance from Ericodes to Phoenicodesi.e., Ericussa and Phoenicussa. is ten miles, and thence to Didyme thirty, and thence to the northern part of Lipara twenty-nine, and thence to Sic
403 BC (search for this): book 6, chapter 2
arily slants towards the east, and faces towards the region that is between the west and the north,That is, a line at right angles to the side point towards the north-west. having Italy on the north and on the west the Tyrrhenian Sea and the Islands of Aeolus. The cities along the side that forms the Strait are, first, Messene, and then Tauromenium, Catana, and Syracuse; but those that were between Catana and Syracuse have disappeared—NaxusFounded about 734 B.C. and destroyed by Dionysius in 403 B.C. (see Diod. Sic. 14.14), but it is placed by the commentators and maps between Tauromenium and Catana. and Megara;Founded about the same time as Naxus and destroyed about 214 B.C. and on this coast are the outlets of the Symaethus and all rivers that flow down from Aetna and have good harbors at their mouths; and here too is the promontory of Xiphonia. According to Ephorus these were the earliest Greek cities to be founded in Sicily, that is, in the tenth generation after the Trojan wa
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