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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), B. (search)
ifficult to fill and keep tight. The plan suggested by Grantham, of Liverpool, — a distinguished authority on the subject, — is specially adapted for ships carrying coal, where little or no back freight is to be had. See Grantham's Iron ships, Weale's Series. Ballast car (English form). Bal′last car or Wag′on. （Railroad-engineering.) A dumping-car for transporting ballast for the roadbed. In the illustration is seen the English form, having a capacity for dumping to the rear omills, and furnaces : J. B. Ford & Co., N. Y., 1871. Blake's Mining machinery : New Haven, 1871. Also, Blasting and Quarrying of Stone and Blowing up of Bridges, by Lieutenant-General Sir J. Burgoyne of the English Military Engineers. No. 35 of Weale's Rudimentary Series: London. The following table from General Sir Charles Pasley's Memoranda on mining will give the means of calculating the space occupied by any given quantity of powder in round holes of different sizes, from one to si
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), D. (search)
used in England. The centrifugal pump is used in England and the United States. The pumping-engines used in Holland at the Haarlem Mere are vertical double-cylinder condensing-engines, one cylinder within the other, the outer one being annular. All other drainage enterprises sink into insignificance beside those of Holland. These great public works, since their commencement in 1440, have gradually extended until they include an area of 223,062 acres drained by mechanical means. See Weale's Dictionary of terms of art, pp. 277 – 283. One of the latest, and the largest, of these enterprises, was the drainage of the Haarlem Lake, 45,230 acres, which was finished a few years since. The average level of the boezem, or catch-water basin, of the district is 10 inches below the ordinary low-water, and 27 inches below high-water mark in the Y or Zuyder Zee; and 7 inches above low water, and 57 inches below ordinary high water, in the North Sea. The bed of the Haarlem Lake is
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), E. (search)
is made up to low-water mark. Upon this a bed of rushes, fastened down by stakes and wattles, is laid; and the upper portion of the bank is faced with fascines of a regular slope of 1 to 1. See also Wiggins's Embankments of lands from the sea (Weale's series). Em-bat′tled. （Fortification.) Having a parapet with embrasures. Em-bo′lus. Something inserted in another and moving therein, as a wedge, a piston of a steamcylinder, the bucket or plunger of a pump. Em-bossed′ Pa′per. substituted a crank for an escapement in clocks, and received a bounty of £ 65 from the London Society of Arts. Its advantage was silence. A number of curious and ingenious escapements may be found in works on horology, in Denison's volume in Weale's series; Brown's Five hundred and seven mechanical movements ; and Piaget's The watch; its history and manufacture. Es-cape — valve. （Steam-engine.) a. A loaded valve fitted to the end of the cylinder for the escape of the conden
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), F. (search)
pe Charles, at the mouth of Chesapeake Bay, and at Hog Island, on the coast of Northampton County, Virginia, about thirty miles north of Cape Charles. Lights are distinguished as — Fixed.Flashing. Revolving.Colored. Intermittent.Double. These are variously combined, as: revolving white; revolving red and white; revolving red and two whites; double fixed; double revolving, etc., etc. See light ; lighthouse. See Lighthouses, their construction and illumination, by Allan Stevenson; Weale's Series, No. 47. Flash-pipe. A mode of lighting gas by means of a supplementary pipe pierced with numerous small holes throughout its length. The flash-pipe reaches from the burner to a position within reach of a person, and is provided with a stop-cock. The cock being turned, gas issues from each orifice. One jet being lit, the flame flashes along the whole length of the pipe, and communicates flame to the jet. The stop-cock is then closed, and the row of small jets is extinguish
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), S. (search)
Eliphalet Nott's stove, Schenectady, New York, in use before 1830, is shown at i, Fig. 5917. It was known as the Saracenic grate, probably in reference to the Athanor, or alchemist's stove, which has not passed entirely out of knowledge, although the writer has failed to find an illustration of it. Even the ordinary dictionaries recognize it, and it is described in Hebert's Engineer's Cyclopaedia, London, 1850, Vol. I. p. 109; Francis's Dictionary of Arts ; Partington's Dictionary, 2 vols.; Weale's Dictionary of terms in art The Nott stove was patented in England in 1830, 1831. It is a base-burning illuminated stove, without an internal fuelchamber. The Mott stove is shown at j, Fig. 5917, and had a suspended magazine, and mica doors to the fire-chamber. The Harper and Walker stove (k, Fig. 5917, English) of 1839 is a magazine base-burner, with a mica door to the fire-chamber. The Walker stove of 1842 had a tall central magazine with grated openings at its lower portion.