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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 6 0 Browse Search
Benson J. Lossing, Pictorial Field Book of the Civil War. Volume 1. 2 0 Browse Search
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Benson J. Lossing, Pictorial Field Book of the Civil War. Volume 1., Chapter 8: attitude of the Border Slave-labor States, and of the Free-labor States. (search)
ings of that day, said Mr. Benton, who was present, revealed to the public mind the fact of an actual design tending to dissolve the Union. See Benton's Thirty Years View, i. 148. thirty years before:--Our Federal Union: it must be preserved. Little was done at that time, excepting the appointment of delegates to the Peace Congress; but throughout the war, Governor Yates and the people of Illinois performed a glorious part. Northward of Illinois, Wisconsin was spread out, between Lakes Michigan and Superior and the Mississippi River, with a population of nearly eight hundred thousand. Its voters were Republicans by full twenty thousand majority. Its Governor, Alexander W. Randall, was thoroughly loyal. In his message to the Legislature, which convened at Madison on the 10th of January, 1861. he spoke of the doctrine of State Supremacy as a fallacy, and said:--The signs of the times indicate, in my opinion, that there may arise a contingency in the condition of the Government,
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Great Lakes and the Navy, the. (search)
ass beyond the stage of preliminary investigation to that of definite action. Thus far the question of cost has not been thoroughly dealt with, but valuable data have been collected. Among the more important conclusions reached by the United States Deep Water-ways Commission are the following: 1. That it is entirely feasible to construct such canals and develop such channels as will give 28 feet of water from the Great Lakes to the seaboard. 2. That, starting from the heads of Lakes Michigan and Superior, the most eligible route is through the several Great Lakes and their intermediate channels and the proposed Niagara ship canal (Tonawanda to Olcott) to Lake Ontario. From Lake Ontario the Canadian seaboard can be reached by the way of the St. Lawrence River, while the American seaboard can be reached by way of the St. Lawrence River, Lake Champlain and the Hudson River, or by way of the Oswego-OneidaMohawk Valley route and the Hudson River. 3. That while our policy of cana
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Illinois Indians, (search)
Illinois Indians, A family of the Algonquian nation that comprised several clans—Peorias, Moingwenas, Kaskaskias, Tamnaroas, and Cahokias. At a very early period they drove a Dakota tribe, whom they called the Arkansas, to the country on the southern Mississippi. These were the Quapaws. In 1640 they almost exterminated the Winnebagoes; and soon afterwards they waged war with the Iroquois and Sioux. Their domain was between Lakes Michigan and Superior and the Mississippi River. Marquette found some of them (the Peorias and Moingwenas) near Des Moines, west of the Mississippi, in 1672; also the Peorias and Kaskaskias on the Illinois River. The Tamaroas and Cahokias were on the Mississippi. The Jesuits found the chief Illinois town consisting of 8,000 people, in nearly 400 large cabins, covered with water-proof mats, with, generally, four fires to a cabin. In 1679 they were badly defeated by the Iroquois, losing about 1,300, of whom 900 were prisoners: and they retaliated by
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Marquette, Jacques 1637- (search)
months at Thre Rivers, on the St. Lawrence, learning the dialects of the Montagnais and other Indian tribes—also the Huron and Iroquois— he went to Lake Superior in 1668, and founded a mission at Sault Sainte Marie, or Falls of St. Mary, at the outlet of the lake. The next year he was sent to take the place of Allouez among the Ottawas and Hurons, but these tribes were soon afterwards dispersed by the Sioux, and he returned with the Hurons to Mackinaw, near the strait that connects Lakes Michigan and Huron, where he built a chapel and established the mission of St. Ignatius. Hearing of the Mississippi River, he resolved to find it, and in 1669 he prepared for the exploration of that stream, when he received orders to join Joliet in a thorough exploration of the whole course of the great river. That explorer and five others left Mackinaw in two canoes in May, 1673, and, reaching the Wisconsin River by way of Green Bay, Fox River, and a portage, floated down that stream to the Missi