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Robert Underwood Johnson, Clarence Clough Buell, Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. Volume 3., The confederate left at Fredericksburg. (search)
The confederate left at Fredericksburg. by Lafayette McLAWS, Major-General, C. S. A. On the 25th of November, 1862, my division marched into Fredericksburg, and shortly after, by direction of General Longstreet, I occupied the city with one of my brigades and picketed the river with strong detachments from the dam at Falmouth to a quarter of a mile below Deep Run creek, the enemy's pickets being just across the river, within a stone's-throw of mine. Detachments were immediately set at work digging rifle-pits close to the edge of the bank, so close that our men, when in them, could command the river and the shores on each side. The cellars of the houses near the river were made available for the use of riflemen, and zigzags were constructed to enable the men to get in and out of the rifle-pits under cover. All this was done at night, and so secretly and quietly that I do not believe the enemy had any conception of the minute and careful preparations that had been made to defeat
Robert Underwood Johnson, Clarence Clough Buell, Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. Volume 3., chapter 2.15 (search)
and Division under General Sumner. When Sumner and I arrived near Falmouth, opposite Fredericksburg, November 17th, we found the enemy in smase, while the Second Corps lay back of the brow of the hill behind Falmouth. On the night of the 9th, two nights before the crossing, Sumnefollowing order: headquarters, right Grand division, near Falmouth, Va., December 12th, 1862. Major-General Couch, Commanding Secondht Division, under Lieutenant-Colonel William Hays, extending from Falmouth down to the ravine, about 500 yards below Falmouth (see map, p. 74Falmouth (see map, p. 74), and consisting of 40 rifled guns; the Right Center Division, under Colonel C. H. Tompkins, consisted of 38 guns; the Left Center Division, rible. I sent word several times to our artillery on the right of Falmouth that they were firing into us, and were tearing our own men to pieh across country. From a War-time sketch. the Grand review at Falmouth during President Lincoln's visit. from A War-time sketch. which
Robert Underwood Johnson, Clarence Clough Buell, Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. Volume 3., The pontoniers at Fredericksburg. (search)
throw a bridge across the river that night, to which we replied that we could throw two bridges across in three hours if he would give us the order to do so. After a little hesitation, he replied that he would like to give us the order, as there was certainly nothing to oppose its execution, but that he did not care to assume the responsibility, fearing that it might conflict with General Burnside's plans. He also remarked that he could have forded the stream with a part of his command at Falmouth several days before had he been allowed to do so; he then rode away. We were ordered back into camp, and the golden opportunity passed — a blunder for which we were in no way responsible, but for which we were destined to suffer. We did not receive the order to leave Berlin, six miles below Harper's Ferry, until late on the seventh day after it was issued. The Official Records show that this order, issued by Captain J. C. Duane, Chief-Engineer of the Army of the Potomac at Rectortown
Robert Underwood Johnson, Clarence Clough Buell, Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. Volume 3., Why Burnside did not renew the attack at Fredericksburg. (search)
rnside did not renew the attack at Fredericksburg. by rush C. Hawkins, Brevet Brigadier-General, U. S. V. November 22d, 1862, the whole Union army had reached Falmouth, opposite Fredericksburg, and General Lee, who had proved upon more than one occasion his watchfulness and enterprise, took means to insure the arrival, about ther had been carrying on an animated correspondence with the powers at Washington, chiefly in relation to pontoons which had been promised but had failed to reach Falmouth until long after the arrival of both armies at the points they then occupied. [See p. 121.] Some time during the first week in December the much-looked — for po without qualification predicted. The first letter in the order mentioned has been preserved, and from it the following quotations are given: camp, near Falmouth, Va., December 10th, 1862. Dear mother--. . . . To-morrow, if our present plans are carried out, the great battle of the war will commence. . . . I have little h
Robert Underwood Johnson, Clarence Clough Buell, Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. Volume 3., chapter 2.20 (search)
d the command of the Army of the Potomac on the 9th of November, 1862, he gave up the immense strategic advantage which McClellan had gained, and led the army to Falmouth on the Rappahannock River, opposite the city of Fredericksburg. A few days after his arrival on the Rappahannock he called a council of war. It was a conferencer, were present, and also, I think, the corps commanders. I was present as commander of the Sixth Army Corps. The entire army was massed within a few miles of Falmouth, and the first object was to cross the river in our front, and gain a fair field for a battle. From the same ground Hooker afterward marched north-west, and by battle was necessary to enable the army to get into Fredericksburg was not entertained by anyone. Sumner, who had the advance, reported that when he arrived at Falmouth he could even then have occupied Fredericksburg without opposition, had his orders justified him in crossing the river.--W. B. Franklin. General Burnside ope
Robert Underwood Johnson, Clarence Clough Buell, Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. Volume 3., chapter 3.25 (search)
ed movement. In order to confound Lee, orders were issued to assemble the Sixth, Third, and First corps under Sedgwick at Franklin's Crossing and Pollock's Mill, some three miles below Fredericksburg, on the left, before daylight of the morning of the 29th, and throw two bridges across and hold them. This was done under a severe fire of sharp-shooters. The Second Corps, two divisions, marched on the 28th for Banks's Ford, four miles to the right; the other division, Gibbon's, occupying Falmouth, near the river-bank, was directed to remain in its tents, as they were in full view of the enemy, who would readily observe their withdrawal. On the 29th the two divisions of the Second Corps reached United States Ford, held by the enemy; but the advance of the right wing down the river uncovered it, whereupon a bridge of pontoons was thrown across and the corps reached Chancellorsville the same night as the Fifth, Eleventh, and Twelfth. The same day, the 30th, Sedgwick was instructed to
Robert Underwood Johnson, Clarence Clough Buell, Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. Volume 3., The successes and failures of Chancellorsville. (search)
t Fredericksburg, and the Army of the Potomac, numbering about 130,000 men, at Falmouth, on the north side of the Rappahannock River opposite Fredericksburg. Hooker ond Corps being placed to cover Banks's Ford, the third division being left at Falmouth, while a brigade and battery were stationed at United States Ford to facilitatd what a great advantage it was to the Army of the Potomac.--A. P. Parade at Falmouth of the 110th Pennsylvania Volunteers. From a photograph. This regiment (of5 men and the 110th losing 45 men.--editors. Abandoning the winter camp at Falmouth. From a War-time sketch. On the 26th of April General Hooker gave his ormunication with General Sedgwick over 5 miles, and bring us within 31 miles of Falmouth by that Ford. I was much surprised to find that General Hooker, who up to t Rappahannock River on the night of May 5th, and took up again the position at Falmouth which they had occupied before the campaign. When Stonewall Jackson turne
Robert Underwood Johnson, Clarence Clough Buell, Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. Volume 3., Sedgwick at Fredericksburg and Salem Heights. (search)
t a time when I was exceedingly exhausted. It did not reach Genera Sedgwick till late in the forenoon of the 4th, so I have been told, and was the only instruction he received. The enemy attacked him in strong force the next day, and, having resisted them till the evening, he withdrew across the river at Banks's Ford. editors. Sedgwick accordingly intrusted Newton with the arrangements The attack on Sedgwick at Banks's Ford, Monday evening, May 4, as seen from the Sand-bag Battery near Falmouth. From a War-time sketch. for the withdrawal. Newton quickly made himself acquainted with the roads leading to Banks's Ford and succeeded in establishing communication with General Henry W. Benham, who was in charge of the pontoons at that place. At 6 o'clock in the evening the enemy attacked Brooks and Howe on the center and left, with the design of cutting off the corps from Banks's Ford. Howe not only maintained his position until night-fall, but also made several counter-charges,
Robert Underwood Johnson, Clarence Clough Buell, Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. Volume 3., The Confederate army. (search)
apt. William M. McGregor. Horse Artillery loss: k, 4; w, 6 = 10. The total loss of the Confederate Army, based mainly upon the reports of brigade and division commanders, aggregated 1649 killed, 9106 wounded, and 1708 captured or missing = 12,463. The return of the Army of Northern Virginia for March 31st, 1863 ( Official Records, Vol. XXV., Pt. II., p. 696), shows an effective total of all arms of 57,112. To this number there should be added the net increase during the month of April, a period of rest and recruiting, of perhaps 3000, and say 1500 for the reserve artillery of Jackson's corps, not reported on the return for March. This addition gives a total of 61,612. Then, deducting Hampton's brigade of cavalry, recruiting south of the James River, and numbering, perhaps, 1600, the effective force of Lee's Army on the Rappahannock may be estimated at not less than 60,000, with probably 170 pieces of artillery. Breaking up the Union camp at Falmouth. From a photograph.
Robert Underwood Johnson, Clarence Clough Buell, Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. Volume 3., Hooker's appointment and removal. (search)
d Hooker marched from their camps and bivouacked near Banks's Ford on January 20th; but a rain storm set in that evening making the roads impassable for pontoon wagons, and after several attempts to haul the boats to the river by hand the movement was abandoned. The artillery and wagons became mired, and the army, with all of its necessary material, was in fact foot-fast in the soft, clayey soil that abounds in that region. In a dejected mood the army splashed back to its old camps around Falmouth. See also p. 118.--editors. that succeeded the disaster of Fredericksburg, General Burnside, in a fit of humiliation, telegraphed to Washington requesting, for the second time, to be relieved, the question of his successor was already being considered as a probability. Though stung by the loud call that went up for McClellan from the army that had twice met disaster after parting with him, the cabinet were not shaken in the conclusion that McClellan must not be restored, for the jocund Se
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