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obility, by the exclusive consent of the commons. The wise, Statutes at large, II. 38, 39. moderate, and well-living Thomas Smith, who had advised martial law, and those who had established it, were disfranchised for two years. Methods of colonial ciques, the nobility of the Carolina statute-book, were doomed to pass away On the abrogation of the constitutions, Thomas Smith was by the proprietaries appointed governor. The system of biennial assemblies, which, with slight changes, still endures, was immediately instituted by the people; but, as the political opinions of Smith Chap. XIX.} were at variance with those of the majority, his personal virtues could not conciliate for him confidence. 1693. Despairing of success, he proposein land, who, as a body, had gain, and not freedom, for their end. In April, 1688, the proprietors of East New Jersey Smith, 568, 211. had surrendered their pretended right of government, and the surrender had been accepted. In October of the s
virtue of the unsuccessful efforts of Coligny. Religious zeal, not less than commercial ambition, had influenced France to recover Canada; and Cham- 1632 plain, its governor, whose imperishable name will rival 1635 with posterity the fame of Smith and of Hudson, ever disinterested and compassionate, full of honor and probity, of ardent devotion and burning zeal, esteemed the salvation of a soul worth more than the conquest of an empire. The commercial monopoly of a privileged company coul iron for the forge. Even now, this colony possessed, from the bounty of Louis XIV., more than was contributed by all the English monarchs together for the twelve English colonies on the Atlantic. Its number still exceeded that of the colony of Smith in Virginia, or of those who embarked in the Mayflower. France took pos session of Texas; her arms were carved on its stately forest-trees; and by no treaty, or public document, except the general cessions of Louisiana, did she ever after relinq
sought to obtain an acknowl- Chap. XXI.} edgment that the Iroquois were subject to England; hut the count de Frontenac referred the matter to the commissioners to be appointed under the treaty of Ryswick. That the Five Nations were always con- Smith, 157 sidered subjects of England, said Bellamont, can be manifested to all the world; but De Callieres, send- 1697 ing ambassadors directly to Onondaga to regulate the exchange of prisoners, avoided an immediate decision. The Iroquois were prouwer over the Five Nations, the legislature of New York, in 1700, made a law for hanging every Popish priest that should come voluntarily into the province. The law ought forever to continue in force, is the commentary of an historian wholly un- Smith 160. conscious of the true nature of his remark. After many collisions and acts of hostility between 1700 the Iroquois and the allies of the French, especially the Ottawas; after many ineffectual attempts, on the part of Lord Bellamont, to co
soil for culture. Their towns were always by the side of some creek or river, and they loved their native land; above all, they loved its rivers — the Keowee, the Tugeloo, the Flint, and the beautiful branches of the Tennessee. Running waters, inviting to the bath, tempting the angler, alluring wild fowl, were necessary to their paradise. Their language, like that of the Iroquois, abounds in vowels, and is destitute of the labials. Its organization has a common character, but etymology Smith. Barton. has not yet been able to discover conclusive analogies between the roots of words. The beloved people of the Cherokees were a nation by themselves. Who can say for how many centuries, safe in their undiscovered fastnesses, they had decked their war-chiefs with the feathers of the eagle's tail, and listened to the counsels of their old beloved men? Who can tell Adair, 31, 33 how often the waves of barbarous migrations may have broken harmlessly against their cliffs, where nature
resolved not to suffer defeat—such was his cheer- 1742 June 24. Nachricht vom Einfall der Spanier in Georgien, <*> Urlsperger II. 1254. ing message to Savannah;—we will rather die, like Leonidas and his Spartans, if we can but protect Carolina and the rest of the Americans from desolation. And, going on board one of the little vessels that chanced to be at hand, he called on the seamen to stand by their liberties and country. For myself, he added, I am prepared for all dangers. I know Smith's letter, in Spalding, 276. the enemy are far more numerous than we; but I rely on the valor of our men, and, with the aid of God, I do not doubt we shall be victorious. On the fifth of July, seven days after it first came to July 5 anchor off Simon's Bar, the Spanish fleet of thirty-six vessels, with the tide of flood and a brisk gale, entered St. Simon's Harbor, and succeeded in passing the English batteries on the southern point of the island. The general signalled his ships to run u
ages, I. 3; III. 313. Illinois visited by Jesuits, III. 155. Early history of, 165. A fort built in, 167. Permanent settlement in, 195. Illinois tribe, III. 158, 241. Independents, origin of, I. 287. Indiana colonized, III. 346. Indians. See Aborigines. Indies, East, war in, III. 452. Ingle, rebellion of, I. 254. Ingoldsby in New York, II. 53. Iowa visited by Jesuits, III. 157. Iowas, Le Sueur among, II. 204. Iroquois attacked by Champlain, I. 28. Seen by Smith, 134. In Connecticut, 403. Treaty With, II. 255, 322. Their tribes and institutions, 417. Wars of, 418. Relations with New France, 419. Treaty with the English, 420. Meet De la Barre, 422. Their chiefs stolen, 425. Returned, 426. Visited by Jesuits, III. 132. Treaty with the French, 135. War with Hurons, 138. Missions among, 141. Invade Illinois, 167. Sack Montreal, 182. Contend with the French, 189. Make peace, 193. Their neutrality, 211. Chiefs visit England, 219. Treat
By the English, III. 232, 402. Their condition in Africa, 403. In America, 406. Their numbers, 406. Labors, 407. Emancipation, 408. Importation resisted by colonies, 410. Insisted on by England, 411. Slougnter in New York, III. 53. Smith, John, I. 118. On the James River, 125. His early life, 127. Engages in discoveries, 129. Is taken prisoner, 130. Explores the Chesapeake, 133. Ascends the Potomac, 134. Enforces industry, 135. Returns to England, 138. Volunteers his services in Virginia, 184. Explores the coast from Cape Cod to the Penobscot, 269. Smith, Thomas, III. 15. Sokokis, II. 238. Somers, III. 4. Sothel, Seth, II. 161. His administration, 163. Soto, Ferdinand de, I. 41. Sails for Florida, 42. In Georgia, 46. Alabama, 48. Discovers the Mississippi, 51. In Arkansas and Missouri, 52. Death, 56. Spain. Her love of adventure, I. 30. Discovers Florida, 32. In the Gulf of Mexico, 35. On the Mississippi, 51. Her missions, 60. Col
V. Vane, Sir Henry, arrives, I. 383. His character, I. 36. Trial, 38. Death, 40. Van Rensselaer purchases land, I 280 Vermont, III. 370. Vernon at Porto Bello, III. 439 Carthagena, 441. Verrazzani, I. 15. Vincennes, III. 366. Vincennes, town of, III. 346. Virginia, I. 95, 117. First charter, 120 Its code of laws, 122. Colonists embark for, 123. Colonized, 124. Weakened by dissensions, 125. And sickness, 127. Smith's administration, 134. New charter, 136. Suffers from famine, 139. Relieved by Lord Delaware, 140. Martial law introduced, 143. Third patent, 145. Tenure of the lands in, 150. Tobacco its staple, 151. Argall its deputy-governor, 151. Yeardley, 152. Its first assembly, 153. Acquires civil freedom, 156. Sir Francis Wyatt, 157. Servants in, 175 Slaves, 176. Wyatt's administration, 178. Silk cultivated, 178. Vines and cotton, 179. The aborigines, 180. Massacre, 181. Indian war, 183. Commissioners arrive, 189. Spirit of liberty