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Samuel Ball Platner, Thomas Ashby, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, FORUM IULIUM (search)
ng with that of the curia Iulia which adjoined it at the south corner. On this axis the temple was built, facing south- east. All that remains of the forum is part of the enclosure wall of peperino on the south-west side (Via delle Marmorelle 29), 12 metres high and 3.70 thick, and some small vaulted chambers or tabernae opening into the corridor of the forum through a row of peperino arches with Anio tufa piers and travertine imposts (TF 46). Of the temple of Venus, excavations in the sixteenth century brought to light portions of the foundations of peperino and travertine, and fragments of columns and frieze (cf. Strena Helbigiana 139-142 and DAP 2. xv. 366). At this time Palladio (Quattro Libri dell' Architettura 1570, iv. ch. 3, 128 sqq.) and Labacco (Libro appartenente all' Architettura, 1552, 25-28; 1559, 33-36) drew a plan and reconstruction from what was then visible, representing a peripteral octostyle structure with very narrow intercolumniations. A piece of the architrave
Samuel Ball Platner, Thomas Ashby, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, FORUM NERVAE (search)
sides this temple Domitian also erected one to IANUS QUADRIFRONS (q.v.) ; and Alexander Severus set up colossal statues of all the emperors who had been deified, with bronze columns on which their res gestae were inscribed (Hist. Aug. Alex. Sev. 28. 6). The colossal statue of Mars in the Capitoline Museum was not found here (p. 223, n. i). A considerable part of the temple of Minerva (which was known as templum Palladis in the twelfth century, see JRS 1919, 30, 52) was standing in the sixteenth century, and of this we have views (Du Perac, Vestigi pl. vi.; Palladio, Quattro Libri di Architettura (1570), iv. ch. 8; cf. Mem. L. 3. xi. 25; DuP II-105 ; Toeb. i. 52-53; DAP 2. xv. 367), but this was destroyed in 1606 by Paul V and the material used in building his fountain on the Janiculum. Modern houses stand on the podium (FUR p. 27; LR 310). The short ends of the forum were slightly curved, and that toward the forum Romanum was pierced by two monumental archways, while at the other end
Samuel Ball Platner, Thomas Ashby, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, FORUM TRAIANI (search)
e of the hill. The semi-circular space in front of this hemicycle was paved with white marble and surrounded with a colonnade decorated with gilt bronze trophies. Still higher, on the upper level of the Quirinal, is a series of halls, now occupied by the barracks of the Milizia, approached by steps from the forum level (Ann. Assoc. Art. cult. Arch. 1910-11 (Rome 1912), 43). The mediaeval name Magnanapoli is by some thought to be a corruption of Balnea Pauli, but this is itself merely a sixteenth century invention, based on a false reading in Juvenal vii. 233. (See BALINEUM PHOEBI.) Cf. Adinolfi, Roma nell' eta di mezzo, ii. 43, 47. Hulsen quotes a privilege of 938 (Reg. Subl. p. 63, n. 24) which speaks of Adrianus quondam de banneo Neapolim This, as Hulsen has suggested, may be a mistake for Neapolini, the name of the owner of the bath. ; and the name occurs in the form mons Balnei Neapolis and mons Manianapoli in the thirteenth century (HCh 351). Here must have been situated the c
Samuel Ball Platner, Thomas Ashby, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, HORREA GALBAE (search)
. 980 : piscatrix de horreis Galbae, 33906: sagarius; 33886: negotiator marmorarius; cf. BC 1885, 110-112; DE iii. 967-986). These horrea came under imperial control at the beginning of the principate and provided space for the storage of the annona publica. Their staff of officials was organised in cohortes, Gatti (Mitt. 1886, 71) held that 'cohors' meant a courtyard (Italian 'corte'); cf. CIL viii. 16368; DE iii. 979. and iodalicia (CIL cit.; Gilb. iii. 285 ; BC 1885, 51-53). In the sixteenth century excavations were made on this site (LS iii. 175), and since 1880 the whole district has been laid out with new streets. During this process a large part of the walls and foundations of the horrea were uncovered. Before 191 the principal part excavated was a rectangle on each side of the present Via Bodoni, about 200 metres long and 155 wide, enclosed by a wall and divided symmetrically into sections separated by courts. These courts, three in number, were surrounded by travertine colon
Samuel Ball Platner, Thomas Ashby, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, IUPPITER OPTIMUS MAXIMUS CAPITOLINUS, AEDES (search)
one of the wonders of the world (Cassiod. Var. vii. 6). In 571, however, Narses appears to have removed the statues, or many of them: Chron. Min. i. 336 (571), p. c. lustini Aug. iiii anno. De Neapolim egressus Narsis ingressus Romam et deposuit palatii eius statuam et Capitolium (see BCr 1867, 22; Hilsen cit.) The bull of Anacletus I (1130-8) refers to it as templum maius quod respicit super Alafantum (v. ELEPHAS HERBARIUS). The history of its destruction is little known down to the sixteenth century (Nibby, Roma Antica i. 505 ff.; cf. Jord. i. 2. 32-34) when the Caffarelli built their palace on its ruins (LS ii. 94-96). Excavations and borings (Ann. d. Inst. x865, 382; 1876, 145-172; Mon. d. Inst. viii. pi. 23. 2; x. pl. 30 a; BC 1875, 165-189; 1876, 31-34; Bull. d. Inst. 1882, 276, NS 1896, 161; 1921, 38), with the information given by Vitruvius (iii. 3. 5) and Dionysius (iv. 61), have established the general plan of the temple, which remained the same for the successive rebuildi
Samuel Ball Platner, Thomas Ashby, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, MACELLUM MAGNUM (search)
outer colonnade, but the fourth century structure was built on the original foundations and appears to have preserved in general the form of the original. It consisted of a two-storied circular colonnade, of twenty-two columns, which supported a domed roof. This was surrounded by an outer concentric colonnade of thirty-six columns, also two stories high. Outside of this was an ambulatory 10 metres wide, divided into eight segments by rows of columns (JRS 1919, 179). The alternate segments had no outer wall and therefore resembled open courts. The original circular building of Nero was enclosed by a rectangular porticus, The discovery of remains of the Castra Peregrina only 15 metres from the outer circle renders this supposition somewhat difficult (JRS 1923, 162-163). containing shops, of which remains were perhaps still to be seen in the sixteenth century (Mon. d. Lin. i. 503-507 ; Mitt. 1892, 297-299; HJ 237-238; HCh 474; DAP 2. ix. 412-414; BC 1914, 358; Altm. 75-76; LR 355-359).
Samuel Ball Platner, Thomas Ashby, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, MAUSOLEUM AUGUSTI (search)
ertine, or, as some think, marble; this was 87 metres in external diameter at the base. Above it rose an upper arcade, traces of which may be seen in all the sixteenth century views, and there were probably other tiers above, planted with evergreen trees, while at the summit was a bronze statue of Augustus. The entrance was on the y mention it, but they would undoubtedly have emphasised his exclusion; and CIL vi. 885, the inscription on his funeral urn, which was still preserved in the sixteenth century, agrees absolutely in content with the rest of those from the mausoleum). His successor Caligula, whose mother Agrippina and brothers Nero and Drusus had diein 167 led to considerable damage to the ruins. The fortifications were, however, repaired in 1241. The body of Cola di Rienzo was burnt here in 1354. By the sixteenth century it had become a garden; it then belonged to the Soderini family. (The important drawings by Baldassare Peruzzi, already discussed by Lanciani in BC 1882, 152
Samuel Ball Platner, Thomas Ashby, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, MONETA (search)
MONETA MONETA CAESARIS the imperial mint in Region III (Not. Cur.). Its site on the via Labicana close to S. Clemente is indicated by the discovery at this point in the sixteenth century of several inscriptions which record dedications to Apollo (CIL vi. 42), Fortuna (43), Hercules (44), Victoria (791), Genius familiae monetalis (239), by the various officials of the mint (cf. also CIL vi. 298, 1145, 1146, 1647=x. 1710, 33726=xv. 7140; Hirschfeld, Verwaltungsbeamten, 181-189). These dedications date from 115 A.D., but the mint was probably established here considerably earlier, though not before the time of Vespasian, when the domus aurea, which must have included this site, was abolished (HJ 303; LS iii. 152).
Samuel Ball Platner, Thomas Ashby, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, PALATINUS MONS (search)
ions of Rosa for Napoleon III (which cannot have been very thorough) and is still a beautiful example of a formal garden (BA 1914, 369-380). The central portion belonged to the Paolostati family, from whom it paused successively to the Mattei, Spada, Magnani; then it was bought by Sir William Gell, but soon passed to Mr. Charles Mills, who built the pseudo-Gothic villa which still bears his name. Later on it became a nunnery. The Vigna Ronconi occupied the south-east portion, from the Stadium onwards, in the sixteenth century; while the south-west portion was in the hands of the English College until after 1870. The east angle was occupied by the Vigna Barberini. See LR 107-189; Haugwitz, Der Palatin (Rome 1901); NS 1904, 43-46 (the latest survey and map Repeated on a larger scale in Reina and Barbieri, Media pars Urbis, Rome 1911. ); HJ 29-I 1; RE i. A. 1011 sqq., 1026; ZA 159-221; ASA 133-138; Hulsen, Forum und Palatin, Berlin 1926, and (in an English translation) New York 1928.
Samuel Ball Platner, Thomas Ashby, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, PANTHEON (search)
, with a complicated system of relieving arches, corresponding to the chambers in the drum, which extend as far as the second row of coffers of the dome; the method of construction of the upper portion is somewhat uncertain (the existence of ribs cannot be proved), but is probably of horizontal courses of bricks gradually inclined inwards. Pumice stone is used in the core for the sake of increased lightness. The ancient bronze doors are still preserved, though they were repaired in the sixteenth century. The pronaos is rectangular, 34 metres wide and 13.60 deep, and has three rows of Corinthian columns, eight of grey granite in the front row and four of red granite in each of the second and third. Of those which were missing at the east end (which cannot possibly have been removed in 1545 (DAP 2. xv. 373, 374), as they were already absent earlier (compare Heemskerck i. 10; ii. 21; Giovannoli, Roma Antica (1615), ii. 11), the corner column was replaced by Urban VIII with a column of re
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