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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Ca'ssius
3. L. Cassius, tribune of the plebs, B. C. 89, at the time of the Marsic war, when the value of landed property was depreciated, and the quantity of money in circulation was comparatively small. Debtors were thus unable to pay the money they owed, and as the praetor A. Sempronius Asellio decided against the debtors in accordance with the old laws, the people became exasperated, and L. Cassius excited them still more against him, so that he was at length murdered by the people while offering a sacrifice in the forum. (V. Max. 9.7.4; comp. Liv. Epit. 74.
Clau'dius
35. App. Claudius Pulcher, apparently the son of No. 29. (Orelli, Inscript. No. 578.) When curule aedile he celebrated the Megalesian games. (Cic. de Harusp. Resp. 12.) In B. C. 89 he was made praetor (Cic. pro Arch. 5), and afterwards filled the office of propraetor. In B. C. 87 Cinna gained a victory over his army. (Liv. Epit. 79.) Claudius was impeached by one of the tribunes, and, not appearing, was deposed from his command and banished. Next year, L. Marcius Philippus, his nephew, who was censor, omitted his name in the list of senators. (Cic. pro Dom. 31, 32.)
He appears in 82 to have marched with Sulla against Rome, and met his death near the city. (Plut. Sull. 29.)
He married Caecilia, and left three sons and three daughters, but no property. (Varro, R. R. 3.16,)
Cleopatra
6. Another daughter of Ptolemy VI. Philometor and Cleopatra [No. 4], married, as we have seen, her uncle Physcon, and on his death was left heir of the kingdom in conjunction with whichever of her sons she chose.
She was compelled by her people to choose the elder, Ptolemy VIII. Lathyrus, but she soon prevailed on them to expel him, and make room for her younger son Alexander, her favourite (Paus. 8.7), and even sent an army against Lathyrus to Cyprus, whither he had fled, and put to death the general who commanded it for allowing him to escape alive. Terrified at her cruelty, Alexander also retired, but was recalled by his mother, who attempted to assassinate him, but was herself put to death by him ere she could effect her object, B. C. 89. (Just. 39.4.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
L. Clue'ntius
called A. Cluentius by Eutropius (5.3), was one of the generals of the Italians in the Social War.
He gained a victory over Sulla in the neighbourhood of Pompeii, but was soon after defeated with great loss by Sulla, B. C. 89. Thirty thousand of his men are said to have fallen in their flight towards Nola, and twenty thousand, among whom was Cluentius himself, before the walls of that town, as the inhabitants would admit them by only one gate, for fear lest Sulla's troops should rush in with them. (Appian, App. BC 1.50; Eutrop. l.c.; comp. Cic. de Div. 1.33; V. Max. 1.6.4; Plin. Nat. 22.6.)
Cosco'nius
3. C. Cosconius, praetor in the Social war, B. C. 89, distinguished himself in the command of one of the Roman armies.
According to Livy (Liv. Epit. 75) Cosconius and Lucceius defeated the Samnites in battle, slew Marius Egnatius, the most distinguished of the enemy's generals, and received the surrender of very many towns. Appian (App. BC 1.52) says, that Cosconius burnt Salapia, took possession of Cannae, and then proceeded to besiege Canusium; but a Samnite army came to the relief of the town, which defeated Cosconius and obliged him to fall back upon Cannae. Trebatius, the Samnite general, following up his advantage, crossed the Aufidus, but was attacked, immediately after his passage of the river, by Cosconius, defeated with a loss of 15,000 men, and fled with the remnant to Canusium. Hereupon, Cosconius marched into the territories of the Larinates, Venusini, and Apulians, and conquered the Poediculi in two days. Most modern commentators Appian has made a mistake in t
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), A. ? Gabi'nius (search)
A. ? Gabi'nius
3. A.? GABINIUS, was legatus in the Social War, and, in B. C. 89, after a successful campaign against the Marsi and Lucani, lost his life in a blockade of the enemy's camp. (Liv. Epit. 76 ; Flor. 3.18.13; Oros. 5.18, calls him Caius.)