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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Cu'rius (search)
Cu'rius 3. M'. CURIUS (is in some editions called M'. Curtius), a friend of Cicero and a relation (consobrinus) of C. Caelius Caldus. He was quaestor urbanus in B. C. 61, and tribune of the people in 58, when Cicero hoped that Curius would protect him against the machinations of P. Clodius. At a somewhat later time, he is called in a letter of Cicero's addressed to him (ad Fam. 13.49) a governor of a Roman province with the title of proconsul, but it is not known of what province he had the administration. The letter above referred to is the only one extant among the ad Familiares which is addressed to him. In the declamation Post Reditum in Senatu (8) Cicero states, that he had been quaestor to Curius's father, whereas it is a well-known fact, that Cicero had been quaestor to Sex. Peducaeus. This contradiction is usually solved by the supposition, that Curius was the adoptive son of Peducaeus. Further Information Cic. Fam. 2.19, ad Quint. Frat. 1.4, pro Flacc. 13.
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Fa'nnius (search)
Fa'nnius 5. C. Fannius, one of the persons who signed the accusation which was brought against P. Clodius in B. C. 61. A few years later, B. C. 59, he was mentioned by L. Vettius as an accomplice in the alleged conspiracy against Pompey. (Cic. Att. 2.24.) Orelli, in his Onolmasticon, treats him as identical with the C. Fannius who was tribune in B. C. 59; but if this were correct, Cicero (l.c.) would undoubtedly have described him as tribune. He may, however, be the same as the Fannius who was sent in B. C. 43 by M. Lepidus as legate to Sex. Pompeius, and who, at the close of the same year, was outlawed, and took refuge with Sex. Pompeius in Sicily. In B. C. 36, when Sex. Pompeius had gone to Asia, Fannius and others deserted him, and went over to M. Antonius. (Cic. Philipp. 13.6; Appian, App. BC 4.84, 5.139.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
M. Favo'nius is mentioned for the first time in B. C. 61, during the transactions against P. Clodius for having violated the sacra of the Bona Dea. On that occasion he joined Cato, whose sternness he imitated throughout life, in his attacks upon the consul Piso for defending Clodius, and displayed great zeal in the matter. The year after, he accused Metellus Scipio Nasica, probably of bribery. Cicero defended the accused, at which Favonius was somewhat offended. In the same year he sued, a second time, for the tribuneship, but he does not appear to have succeeded, for there is no evidence to prove that he was invested with that office, and Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus, who at the end of the year concluded their treaty, and were well aware that Favonius, although he was harmless, might yet be a very troublesome opponent, probably exerted their influence to prevent his gaining his end. About that time Pompey was suffering from a bad foot, and when he appeared in public with a white banda
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Gabi'nius (search)
the legal rate. (Ad Att. 6.2.5.) We read of another Lex Gabinia, by which the senate was directed to give audience to ambassadors from the 1st of February to the 1st of March. By a previous Lex Pupia the senate was prohibited in general terms from assembling on comitial days. Under these laws arose the question whether the senate might be legally assembled on a comitial day, occurring in February, or whether such days were not tacitly excepted from the Lex Gabinia. (Ad Qu. Fr. 2.13.) In B. C. 61 Gabinius was praetor, and in B. C. 59 he and L. Piso were chosen consuls for the ensuing year. In the interval between his tribunate and his praetorship he appears to have been engaged in military service in the East, and to have accompanied M. Scaurus to Judea, where, in the contest between the Maccabees, he received a bribe of 300 talents from Aristobulus. (J. AJ 14.2, 3, 4.) The consuls, Gabinius and Piso, had previously been gained over to the party of Clodius, who promised to use his
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
ns of the neighbouring barbarians. He restored peace, and managed the affairs of the province with great strictness and care, and on his return he was honoured with the ornamenta triumphalia, and with the dignity of three priesthoods ; he became a member of the college of the Quindecimviri, of the sodales Titii, and of the Augustales. In the reign of Nero he lived for several years in private retirement, for fear of becoming, like many others, the victim of the tyrant's suspicion, until, in B. C. 61, Nero gave him Hispania Tarraconensis as his province, where he remained for a period of eight years. In maintaining discipline among his troops, his strictness at first bordered upon cruelty, for the severest punishments were inflicted for slight offences, but during the latter period of his administration he became indolent, for fear, it is said, of attracting the attention of Nero, but more probably as a naturai consequence of old age. IIn A. D. 68, when the insurrection of C. Julius Vi
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Horte'nsius (search)
ufius, that Clodius should be tried before the ordinary judices, instead of before a court selected by the praetor. Cicero condemns his conduct in strong terms (ad Att. 1.16; cf. 14), and seems to have considered the success of this amendment as the chief cause of Clodius's acquittal. [CLODIUS, p. 771.] In the subsequent quarrels between Milo and Clodius, Hortensius showed such zeal for the former, that he was nearly being murdered by the hired ruffians of Clodius (Cic. pro Milon. 14). In B. C. 61 Pompey returned victorious from the Mithridatic war. He found he could no longer command a party of his own. He must side with one of the two factions which had been fully formed during his absence in the East--the old party of the optimates and the new popular party, led by Caesar and Crassus, who used Clodius as their instrument. Hence followed (ill B. C. 60) the coalition of Pompey with Caesar and Crassus (erroneously called the first triumvirate). Hortensius now drew back from public l
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ju'lia (search)
Ju'lia 3. The elder of the two sisters of Caesar the dictator, married, but in what order is uncertain, L. Pinarius, of a very ancient patrician family (Liv. 1.7), and Q. Pedius, by each of whom she had at least one son. (App. BC 3.22, 23; Suet. Jul. 83.) It is doubtful whether it was the elder or the younger of the dictator's sisters who gave her evidence against P. Clodius [CLODIUS, No. 40], when impeached for impiety in B. C. 61. (Suet. Jul. 74; Schol. Bob. in Clod. p. 337, Orelli.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Lentulus (search)
Lentulus 26. L. CORNELIUS LENTUIUS CRUS. (Cic. Fam. 8.4, init.) Who he was, and whence he derived his agnomen of Crus, is unknown. In B. C. 61, he appeared as the chief accuser of P. Clodius, for violating the mysteries of the Bona Dea (Argum. ad Cic. in Clod., de Harusp. Resp. 17). In 58 he was praetor, and Cicero calculated on his aid against Clodius (ad Q. Fr. 1.2, fin.); and he did attempt to rouse Pompey to protect the orator, but in vain (in Pison. 31). He was not raised to the consular dignity till B. C. 50, when he obtained this post, with C. Marcellus M. f., as being a known enemy to Caesar (Caes. Gal. 8, 50); though in the year before, P. Dolabella had beaten him in the contest for a place among the xv. viri (Cic. Fam. 8.4). In the year of his consulship, B. C. 49, the storm burst. Lentulus did all he could to excite his wavering party to take arms and meet Caesar: he called Cicero cowardly ; blamed him for seeking a triumph at such a time (ad Fam. 6.21, 16.11); urged war
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Lucullus (search)
ombined efforts they succeeded in delaying the proposed measure for more than two years, but at the same time produced the effect, which they had doubtless not anticipated, of forcing Pompey into the arms of the opposite faction, and thus bringing about the coalition known as the First Triumvirate. (Plut. Luc. 138, 42, Pomp. 46; Vell. 2.40; D. C. 37.49; Suet. Jul. 19.) After that event Lucullus took little part in political affairs. He had previously come forward at the trial of P. Clodius (B. C. 61), to give his testimony to the profligate and vicious character of the accused (Cic. pro Milon. 27), and by this means, as well as by the general course of his policy, had incurred the enmity both of Crassus and Caesar, so that he found himself on hostile terms with all the three individuals who had now the chief direction of affairs at Rome. Caesar even threatened him with a prosecution for his proceedings in Asia; a danger which so much alarmed him that he had recourse to the most humilia
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Lurco, M. Aufid'ius tribune of the plebs, in B. C. 61. was the author of the Lex Aufidia de Ambitu, which enacted, aniong other things, that, if a candidate promised and paid money to a tribe at the comitia, he should pay besides to that tribe 3000 sesterces yearly during his life : but if lie merely promised and did not pay, he should be exempt. (Dict. of Antiq. s. v. Ambitious) this, however, is Cicero's version of the principal clause of the Lex Aufidia, and, since it is part of his account of a wit-combat between himself and P. Clodius in the senate (ad Att. 1.16), B. C. 61, it is probably exaggerated. Three years afterwards, B. C. 59, Lurco was one of the witnesses for the defence at the impeachment of L. Valerius Flaccus [L. VALERIUS FLACCUS, No. 15], and then it suited Cicero's purpose to call him an honest man and his good friend (pro Flacc. 4.34). In B. C. 52-1, Lurco prosecuted and procured the conviction of Sextus Clodius, for bringing the corpse of P. Clodius into the Curi
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