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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), A'xius (search)
A'xius 2. Q. Axius, an intimate friend of Cicero and Varro, the latter of whom has introduced him as one of the speakers in the third book of his de Re Rustica. (Comp. Cic. Att. 3.15, 4.15.) Suetonius quotes (Caes. 9) from one of Cicero's letters to Axius, and Gellius speaks (7.3) of a letter which Tiro, the freedman of Cicero, wrote to Axius, the friend of his patron. Axius wasamanof wealth, and was accustomed to lend money, if at least the Axius to whom Cicero talked of applying in B. C. 61 (ad Att. 1.12), is the same as the above. In B. C. 49, however, we find that Axius was in Cicero's debt. (ad Att. 10.11, 13, 15.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Balbus (search)
indignant that a man of Gades should be preferred to them. Among other presents which Pompey made him, we read of a grant of land for the purpose of pleasure-grounds. But Balbus was too prudent to confine himself to only one patron; he early paid court to Caesar, and seems to have entirely ingratiated himself into his favour during Pompey's absence in Asia in prosecution of the Mithridatic war. From this time, he became one of Caesar's most intimate friends, and accompanied him to Spain in B. C. 61, in the capacity of praefectus fabrum, when Caesar went into that province after his praetorship. Soon after his return to Rome, the first triumvirate was formed, B. C. 60; and though he was ostensibly the friend both of Pompey and Caesar, he seems to have attached himself more closely to the interests of the latter than of the former. On Caesar's departure to Gaul in B. C. 58, Balbus again received the appointment of praefectus fabrum, and from this time to the breaking out of the civil wa
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
with the people, and was closely connected with Caesar's party. In this year Pompey returned to Rome from the Mithridatic war, and quietly disbanded his army. At the expiration of his praetorship Caesar obtained the province of Further Spain, B. C. 61. But his debts had now become so great, and his creditors so clamorous for payment, that he was obliged to apply to Crassus for assistance before leaving Rome. This he readily obtained; Crassus became surety for him, as did also others of his frrtunity now occurred for accomplishing this object. In their eagerness to obtain the fanning of the public taxes in Asia, the equites, who had obtained the contract, had agreed to pay too large a sum, and had accordingly petitioned the senate in B. C. 61 for more favourable terms. This, however, had been opposed by Metellus Celer, Cato, and others of the aristocracy; and Caesar therefore now brought forward a bill in the comitia to relieve the equities from one-third of the sum which they had ag
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Cale'nus (search)
Cale'nus 2. Q. Fufius Calenus, Q. F. C. N., son of No. 1, was tribune of the plebs in B. C. 61, and patronized P. Clodius, whom he endeavoured to save from condemnation for his violation of the mysteries of the Bona Dea. With this view he proposed a law, that Clodius should not be tried by special judges, but by the ordinary court. This bill was supported by Q. Hortensius, though he thought it impossible that Clodius should be acquitted. However the law was passed, and Fufius Calenus gained his end. In B. C. 59, he was elected praetor by the influence of Caesar, in whose cause he continued to be very active ever afterwards. In this year he carried a law, that each of the three classes of judges, senators, equites, and tribune aerarii, should give their votes separately, so that it might always be seen in what way each of them voted. Being generally known as the tool of Caesar, he also shared in the hatred which the latter drew upon himself, and was accordingly treated, says Cicero (Ci
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Calpurnia'nus, M. Pu'pius Piso consul in B. C. 61. [PISO.]
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Catugna'tus (search)
Catugna'tus the leader of the Allobroges in their revolt against the Romans in B. C. 61, defeated Manlius Lentinus, the legate of C. Pomptinus, the praetor of the province, and would have destroyed his whole army but for a violent tempest which arose. Afterwards Catugnatus and his army were surrounded by C. Pomptinus near Solonium, who made them all prisoners with the exception of Catugnatus himself. (D. C. 37.47, 48 ; comp. Liv. Epit. 103; Cic. de Prov. Cons. 13.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ci'cero (search)
with that corruption which formed one of the most fatal symptoms of the rottenness of the whole social fabric, pronounced him innocent by a majority of voices. (B. C. 61.) Clodius, whose popular talents and utter recklessness rendered him no insignificant enemy, now vowed deadly vengeance against Cicero, whose destruction from thre 10th Dec. [Murena.] ** Contra Concionem Q. Metelli, 3rd Jan., B. C. 62. [METELLUS.] Pro P. Cornelio Sulla, B. C. 62. [SULLA.] ** In Clodium et Curionem, B. C. 61. [See M. TULLIUS.] [Pro A. Licinio Archia. Generally assigned to B. C. 61. [ARCHIAS.] ] Pro Scipione Nasica, B. C. 60. (Ad Att. 2.1.) Pro L. Valerio FlaccoB. C. 61. [ARCHIAS.] ] Pro Scipione Nasica, B. C. 60. (Ad Att. 2.1.) Pro L. Valerio Flacco, B. C. 59. [L. FLACCUS.] Pro A. Minucio Thermo. Twice defended in B. C. 59. [THERMUS.] Pro Ascitio. Before B. C. 56. (Pro Cael. 10.) [RUFUS.] Pro M. Cispio. After B. C. 57. (Pro Planc. 31.) [Post Reditum in Senatu, 5th Sept., B. C. 57.] [Post Reditum ad Quirites, 6th or 7th Sept., B. C. 57.] [Pro Domo sua ad Pontifice
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Clau'dia (search)
Clau'dia 9. CLODIA [Stemma, No. 43], the youngest sister of P. Clodius, was married to L. Licinius Lucullus, before his election to the consulship in B. C. 74. (Plut. Luc. 21, 34, 38; Varr. R. R. 3.16.1.) After his return from the Mithridatic war, Lucullus separated from her, on account of her infidelity, and in B. C. 61 brought her to trial for an incestuous amour with her brother P. Clodius. (Plut. Luc. 34, 38; Cic. pro Mil. 27, ad Fam. 1.9.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Cornu'tus (search)
Cornu'tus 1. C. CORNUTUS, tribune of the plebs in B. C. 61, is described by Cicero as a well-meaning man, and resembling Cato in his character, whence he is called Pseudo-Cato. In 57 he held the office of praetor, and was among those who were active in bringing about the recall of Cicero from exile. (Cic. Att. 1.14, Post. Red. in Sen. 9.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
y might suggest. It was from motives of self-interest, without actual community of feeling or purpose, that the so-called triumvirate was formed between Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus. Each hoped to gain the first place for himself by using the others for his purposes, though there can be no doubt that the confederacy was really most profitable to Caesar, and that, of the three, Crassus would have been the least able to rule alone. Caesar had already found Crassus a convenient friend; for in B. C. 61, when Caesar was about to proceed to his province in Further Spain, Crassus became security for his debts to a large amount. It may, at first view, excite surprise that a person of so little independent greatness as Crassus should have occupied the position that he filled, and that men of wider capacity should have entered into a compact to share with him the honours and profits of the commonwealth. But the fact is to be accounted for by considering, that the character of Crassus represente
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