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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Labie'nus (search)
s again in Gaul in B. C. 54, in the winter of which year he was stationed with a legion among the Remi, on the confines of the Treviri. Here he defeated the latter people, who had come under the command of Induciomarus, to attack his camp, and their leader fell in the battle. Still later in the winter Labienus gained another great battle over the Treviri, and reduced the people to submission. (Caes. Gal. 5.24, 53-58, 6.7, 8; D. C. 40.11, 31.) In the great campaign against Vercingetorix in B. C. 52, which was the most arduous but at the same time the most brilliant of all Caesar's campaigns in Gaul, Labienus played a distinguished part. He was sent by Caesar with four legions against the Senones and Parisii, and took up his head-quarters at Agendicum. From this place he marched against Lutetia, which was burnt at his approach; and in his subsequent retreat to Agendicum, which was rendered necessary by the revolt of the Aedui and the rising of the Bellovaci, his conduct is greatly prai
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Le'pidus (search)
Le'pidus 17. M. Aemilius Lepidus, M. F. Q. N., the triumvir, was the brother of the preceding [No. 16], and the son of No. 13. He was a lineal descendant of the pontifex maximus, M. Aemilius Lepidus, consul in B. C. 187 and 175, though, as we have seen, it is doubtful whether he was the abnepos or great-grandson of the latter, as Cicero calls him [see No. 7]. M. Lepidus is first mentioned in the year B. C. 52, when the senate appointed him interrex, after the death of Clodius, for the purpose of holding the comitia. Rome was almost in a state of anarchy; and because Lepidus refused to hold the comitia for the election of the consuls, on the ground that it was not usual for the first interrex to do so, his house was attacked by the Clodian mobs, and he himself narrowly escaped with his life. On the breaking out of the civil war between Pompey and Caesar, B. C. 49, Lepidus, who was then praetor, joined the party of the latter; and as the consuls had fled with Pompey from Italy, Lepidu
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
uite willing to resign it. In the retreat from Carrhae, which they were soon afterwards obliged to make, Crassus was misled by the guides, and killed [CRASSUS, p. 878]; but Cassius, suspecting treachery, returned to Carrhae, and thence made his escape to Syria with 500 horsemen by another way. After crossing the Euphrates, he collected the remains of the Roman army, and made preparations to defend the province against the Parthians. The enemy did not cross the river till the following year, B. C. 52, and then only with a small force, which was easily driven back by Cassius, upon whom the government of the province had devolved as proquaestor, as no successor to Crassus had yet been appointed. Next year, B. C. 5], the Parthians again crossed the river, with a much larger army, under the command of Osaces and Pacorus, the son of Orodes, the Parthian king. As M. Bibulus, who had been appointed proconsul of Syria, had not yet arrived, the conduct of the war again devolved upon Cassius. He
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Longi'nus, Ca'ssius 12. L. Cassius Longinus, brother of No. 1, assisted M. Laterensis in accusing Cn. Plancius, in B. C. 54 [LATERENSIS], and the speech which he delivered on that occasion is replied to by Cicero at considerable length. (Cic. pro Planc. 24, &c.) He is again mentioned in B. C. 52 as the accuser of M. Saufeius. (Ascon. in Mil. p. 54, ed. Orelli.) On the breaking out of the civil war he joined the party of Caesar, while his brother espoused that of Pompey. He is mentioned as one of Caesar's legates in Greece in B. C. 48, and was sent by him into Thessaly, in order to keep a watch upon the movements of Metellus Scipio. Before the battle of Pharsalia he was despatched by Caesar with Fufius Calenus into Southern Greece [CALENUS.] Some ancient writers (Suet. Jul. 63; D. C. 42.6) confound him with his brother, and erroneously state that it was Lucius, and not Caius, who fell in with Caesar in the Hellespont after the battle of Pharsalia. [See above, p. 800b.] In B. C. 44 L
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
omewhat suspicious in character That he was a Roman, or at least an Italian by birth, may be inferred from his own words, for he twice speaks of the Latin language as his native tongue (1.831, 3.261, comp. 1.42). The Eusebian Chronicle fixes B. C. 95 as the date of his birth, adding that he was driven mad by a love potion, that during his lucid intervals he composed several works which were revised by Cicero, and that he perished by his own hand in the forty-fourth year of his age, that is, B. C. 52 or 51. Donatus,on the contrary, affirms that his death happened in B. C. 55, on the very day on which Virgil assumed the toga virilis, an event which, in the Eusebian Chronicle, is placed two years later. From what source the tale about the philtre may have been derived we know not. Pomponius Sabinus, in a note on the third Georgic (50.202), states that the drug employed was hippomanes, while later writers, twisting a passage in the works of St. Jerome (ad Rufin. 100.22) to their own views,
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Lucte'rius (search)
Lucte'rius the Cadurcan, described by Caesar as a man of the greatest daring, was sent into the country of the Ruteni, by Vercingetorix, on the breaking out of the great Gallic insurrection in B. C. 52. Lucterius met with great success, collected a large force, and was on the point of invading the Roman province in Gaul, in the direction of Narbo, when the arrival of Caesar obliged him to retire. In the following year Lucterius again formed the design of invading the Roman province along with Drappes, the Senonian, but was defeated by the Roman legate C. Caninius Rebilus, not far from Uxellodunum. (Caes. Gal. 7.5, 7, 8; 8.30-35.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
e should be exempt. (Dict. of Antiq. s. v. Ambitious) this, however, is Cicero's version of the principal clause of the Lex Aufidia, and, since it is part of his account of a wit-combat between himself and P. Clodius in the senate (ad Att. 1.16), B. C. 61, it is probably exaggerated. Three years afterwards, B. C. 59, Lurco was one of the witnesses for the defence at the impeachment of L. Valerius Flaccus [L. VALERIUS FLACCUS, No. 15], and then it suited Cicero's purpose to call him an honest man and his good friend (pro Flacc. 4.34). In B. C. 52-1, Lurco prosecuted and procured the conviction of Sextus Clodius, for bringing the corpse of P. Clodius into the Curia Hostilia, and for other acts of violence (Ascon. in Cic. Milon. p. 55, Orelli). Lurco was the maternal grandfather of the empress Livia, wife of Augustus. (Suet. Cal. 23.) He was the first person in Rome who fattened peacocks for sale, and he derived a large income from this source. (Varr. R. R. 3.6; Plin. Nat. 10.20.) [W.B.D]
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Mani'lius (search)
Mani'lius 8. Q. Manilius Cumanus, tribune of the plebs B. C. 52. (Ascon. in Cic. Mil. p. 38, ed. Orelli.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
the friend of Cicero, and subject of the oration Pro M. Marcello, ascribed, though erroneously, to the great orator. He is first mentioned as curule aedile with P. Cledius in B. C. 56. (Cic. Att. 4.3.) In February of that year he defended Milo, at Cicero's request, against the charge of violence brought against him by Clodius. (Cic. ad Q. Fr. 2.3.) In 54 he was one of the six advocates who defended the cause of M. Scaurus (Ascon. ad Scaur. p. 20, ed. Orell.); and after the death of Clodius (B. C. 52), took a prominent part in the defence of Milo. (Id. ad Mion. pp. 35, 40, 41.) In the same year he was elected consul, together with Ser. Sulpicius Rufus, for the ensuing year. For this distinction he was probably indebted to the support and favour of Pompey; and during the period of his magistracy (B. C. 51 ) he showed himself a zealous partisan of the latter, and sought to secure his favour by urging the senate to extreme measures against Caesar. Among other modes in which he displayed hi
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Metellus Scipio (search)
ng bribery, and to open violence and force. The most frightful scenes were daily occurring in the streets of Rome; and these disturbances were secretly fomented by Pompey, who was anxious to be named dictator, for the purpose of restoring order to the city, and thereby possessing the power which might enable him to crush Caesar, of whom he had now become jealous. The comitia could not be held for the election of consuls; and when the murder of Clodius at the beginning of the following year, B. C. 52, threw the state almost into anarchy, the senate consented that Pompey should be elected sole consul. This took place at the end of February; and shortly afterwards he married Cornelia, the daughter of Scipio, to whom he showed particular favour. Hypsaeus and Scipio were both accused of bribery; but though both were equally guilty, the former only was condemned. On the 1st of August Pompey made Scipio his colleague in the consulship; and Scipio showed his gratitude by using every effort to
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