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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith) 36 36 Browse Search
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 4 4 Browse Search
Pausanias, Description of Greece 3 3 Browse Search
Polybius, Histories 2 2 Browse Search
Sir Richard C. Jebb, Commentary on Sophocles: Antigone 2 2 Browse Search
M. Tullius Cicero, De Officiis: index (ed. Walter Miller) 1 1 Browse Search
Appian, The Foreign Wars (ed. Horace White) 1 1 Browse Search
Strabo, Geography (ed. H.C. Hamilton, Esq., W. Falconer, M.A.) 1 1 Browse Search
Boethius, Consolatio Philosophiae 1 1 Browse Search
Pliny the Elder, The Natural History (ed. John Bostock, M.D., F.R.S., H.T. Riley, Esq., B.A.) 1 1 Browse Search
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Browsing named entities in A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith). You can also browse the collection for 280 BC or search for 280 BC in all documents.

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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Acicho'rius (search)
Acicho'rius （*)Akixw/rios) was one of the leaders of the Gauls, who invaded Thrace and Macedonia in B. C. 280. He and Brennus commanded the division that marched into Paeonia. In the following year, B. C. 279, he accompanied Brennus in his invasion of Greece. (Paus. 10.19.4, 5, 22.5, 23.1, &c.) Some writers suppose that Brennus and Acichorius are the same persons, the former being only a title and the latter the real name. (Schmidt, " De fontibus veterum auctorum in enarrandis expeditionibus a Gallis in Macedoniam susceptis," Berol. 1834
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), or Anti'ochus Soter (search)
s present with his father at the battle of Ipsus in B. C. 301, which secured for Seleucus the government of Asia. It is related of Antiochus, that he fell sick through love of Stratonice, the young wife of his father, and the daughter of Demetrius Poliorcetes, and that when his father learnt the cause of his illness through his physician Erasistratus, he resigned Stratonice to him, and gave him the government of Upper Asia with the title of king. On the murder of his father in Macedonia in B. C. 280, Antiochus succeeded to the whole of his dominions, and prosecuted his claims to the throne of Macedonia against Antigonus Gonatas, but eventually allowed the latter to retain possession of Macedonia on his marrying Phila, the daughter of Seleucus and Stratonice. The rest of Antiochus' reign was chiefly occupied in wars with the Gauls, who had invaded Asia Minor. By the help of his elephants he gained a victory over the Gauls, and received in consequence the surname of Soter (*Swth/r). He
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Archebu'lus (search)
Archebu'lus （*)Arxe/boulos), of Thebes, a lyric poet, who appears to have lived about the year B. C. 280, as Euphorion is said to have been instructed by him in poetry. (Said. s.v. *Eu)fori/wn.) A particular kind of verse which was frequently used by other lyric poets, was called after him. (Hephaest. Enchir. p. 27.) Not a fragment of his poetry is now extant. [L.
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Aristarchus (search)
Aristarchus （*)Ari/starxos), of SAMOS , one of the earliest astronomers of the Alexandrian school. We know little of his history, except that he was living between B. C. 280 and 264. The first of these dates is inferred from a passage in the mega/lh su/ntacis of Ptolemy (3.2, vol. i. p. 163, ed. Halma), in which Hipparchus is said to have referred, in his treatise on the length of the year, to an observation of the summer solstice made by Aristarchus in the 50th year of the st Calippic period : the second from the mention of him in Plutarch (de Facie in Orbe Lunae), which makes him contemporary with Cleanthes the Stoic, the successor of Zeno. Works On the magnitudes and distances of the sun and moon (peri\ megeqw=n kai\ a)posthma/twn h(li/ou kai\ selh/nhs） Aristarchus seems that he employed himself in the determination of some of the most important elements of astronomy; but none of his works remain, except a treatise on the magnitudes and distances of the sun and moon (peri\ me
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Be'lgius (search)
Be'lgius （*Bo/lgios), or BO'LGIUS, the leader of that division of the Gaulish army which invaded Macedonia and Illyria in B. C. 280. He defeated the Macedonians in a great battle, in which Ptolemy Ceraunus, who had then the supreme power in Macedonia, was killed; but the Gauls did not follow up their victory, and the rest of Greece was spared for a time. (Paus. 10.19.4; Just. 24.5
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Bion (search)
e small place of Phlossa on the river Meles, near Smyrna. (Suid. s. v. *Qeo/kritos.) All that we know about him is the little that can be inferred from the third Idyl of Moschus, who laments his untimely death. The time it which he lived can be pretty accurately determined by the fact, that he was older than Moschus, who calls himself the pupil of Bion. (Mosch. 3.96, &c.) His flourishing period must therefore have very nearly coincided with that of Theocritus, and must be fixed at about B. C. 280. Moschus states, that Bion left his native country and spent the last years of his life in Sicily, cultivating bucolic poetry, the natural growth of that island. Whether he also visited Macedonia and Thrace, as Moschus (3.17, &c.) intimates, is uncertain, since it may be that Moschus mentions those countries only because he calls Bion the Doric Orpheus. He died of poison, which had been administered to him by several persons, who afterwards received their well-deserved punishment for the c
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Calvi'nus or Calvi'nus Maxnimus (search)
ing this time, is not known. When the Boians saw that the Senones were expelled from their country, they began to dread the same fate, joined the remaining Senones and the Etruscans, and marched against Rome. But in crossing the Tiber they met a Roman army, and in the ensuing battle most of the Etruscans were slain, and only a few of the Gauls escaped. Our accounts differ as to the Roman commanders in this battle ; for some represent Dolabella and others Calvinus as the victorious general, whereas it is most probable that both consuls gained laurels on that day. It was undoubtedly to this victory that Calvinus owed the surname of Maximus, and in B. C. 280 he was further honoured by being made dictator. On laying down this office in the same year, he was elected censor-the first instance of a plebeian being raised to that office. (Plin. Nat. 33.1 ; Plb. 2.19, 20; Liv. Epit. 13; Appian, Samnit. 6, Gull. 11; Flor. 1.13; Eutrop. 2.10; Dio Cass. Excerpt. Vat. p. 163, ed. Sturz; Fast. Cap.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Chrysippus (search)
Chrysippus （*Xru/sippos), a Stoic philosopher, son of Apollonius of Tarsus, but born himself at Soli in Cilicia. When young, he lost his paternal property, for some reason unknown to us, and went to Athens, where he became the disciple of Cleanthes, who was then at the head of the Stoical school. Some say that he even heard Zeno, a possible but not probable statement, as Zeno died B. C. 264, and Chrysippus was born B. C. 280. He does not appear to have embraced the doctrines of the Stoics without considerable hesitation, as we hear that he studied the Academic philosophy, and for some time openly dissented from Cleanthes. Disliking the Academic scepticism, he became one of the most strenuous supporters of the principle, that knowledge is attainable and may be established on certain foundations. Hence, though not the founder of the Stoic school, he was the first person who based its doctrines on a plausible system of reasoning, so that it was said, "if Chrysippus had not existed, the
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ci'neas (search)
of war, as to epitomise the Tactica of Aeneas (Aelian, Tact. 1); and this, no doubt, is the work to which Cicero refers when he speaks of Cineas' books de re militari (ad Fam. 9.25). Dr. Arnold says Plutarch mentions his Commentaries, but it does not appear to what he refers. The historical writer referred to by Strabo (vii. fin. p. 329) may be the same person. The most famous passage in his life is his embassy to Rome, with proposals for peace from Pyrrhus, after the battle of Heraclea (B. C. 280). Cineas spared no arts to gain favour. Thanks to his wonderful memory, on the day after his arrival he was able (we are told) to address all the senators and knights by name (Plin. Nat. 7.24); and in after times stories were current that he sought to gain them over by offering presents to them and their wives, which, however, were disdainfully rejected. (Plut. Pyrrh. 18; Diod. Exc. Vatic. xxii.; Liv. 34.4.) The terms he had to offer were hard, viz. that all the Greeks in Italy should be l
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
ca'nius a distinguished Roman pontiff and jurist, was descended from a father and a grandfather of the same name, but none of his ancestors had ever obtained the honours of the Roman magistracy. According to a speech of the emperor Claudius in Tacitus, the Coruncanii came from Camerium (Ann. 11.24); but Cicero makes the jurist a townsman of Tusculum (pro Planc. 8). Notwithstanding his provincial extraction, this novus homo was promoted to all the highest offices at Rome. (Vell. 2.128.) In B. C. 280, he was consul with P. Valerius Laevinus, and while his colleague was engaged in the commencement of the war against Pyrrhus, the province of Etruria fell to Coruncanius, who was successful in quelling the remains of disaffection, and entirely defeated the Vulsinienses and Vulcientes. For these victories he was honoured with a triumph early in the following year. After subduig Etruria, he returned towards Rome to aid Laevinus in checking the advance of Pyrrhus. (Appian, Samn. 10.3.) In B.
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