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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Scerdilaidas (search)
cour. They, however, in the summer of B. C. 216, sent a squadron of ten ships to his support, and the very name of a Roman fleet struck such a terror into Philip that he abandoned the Adriatic, and retired, with his whole fleet, to Cephallenia (Plb. 5.3, 95, 101, 108, 110). But during the following years his Roman allies were able to give little assistance to the Illyrian king, and Philip wrested from him the important fortress of Lissus, as well as a considerable part of his dominions. In B. C. 211 Scerdilaiidas joined the alliance of the Aetolians with the Romans, but his part in the war which followed appears to have been confined to threatening and infesting the Macedonian frontiers by occasional predatory incursions (Liv. 26.24, 27.30, 28.5; Plb. 10.41). It would appear that he must have died before the peace of 204, as his name, which is coupled with that of his son Pleuratus, during the negotiations in B. C. 208, does not appear in the treaty concluded by P. Sempronius with the
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Sci'pio (search)
Sci'pio 8. P. Cornelius Scipio Asina, son of No. 6, was consul B. C. 221, with M. Minucius Rufus, and carried on war, with his colleague, against the Istri, who annoyed the Romans by their piracy. The Istri were completely subdued, and Scipio obtained the honour of a triumph. In B. C. 217 he was appointed interrex, for the purpose of holding the consular elections. He is mentioned again in B. C. 211, when he showed so little of the spirit of a Scipio as to recommend that the senate should recall all the generals and armies from Italy for the defence of the capital, because Hannibal was marching upon the city. (Eutrop. 3.7; Oros. 4.13; Zonar. 8.20; Liv. 22.34, 26.8.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Sci'pio (search)
p. 335b.] In the following year, B. C. 217, Scipio, whose imperium had been prolonged, crossed over into Spain with a fleet of twenty ships and eight thousand foot-soldiers. Scipio and his brother Cneius continued in Spain till their death in B. C. 211 ; but the history of their campaigns, though important in their results, is full of such confusions and contradictions, that a brief description of them is quite sufficient. Livy found great discrepancies in his authorities, which are in themseeptimus, a Roman eques. [HASDRUBAL, No. 6.] The year in which the Scipios perished is rather doubtful. Livy says (25.36) that it was in the eighth year after Cn. Scipio had come into Spain ; but Becker (Vorarbeiten zu einer Geschichte des zweiten Punisches Krieges in Dahlman's Forschungen, vol. ii. pt. ii. p. 113) brings forward several reasons, which make it probable that they did not fall till the spring of B. C. 211. (Liv. libb. xxi.-xxv. ; Polyb. lib. iii.; Appian, Annib. 5-8, Hisp. 14-16.
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Sci'pio Africanus (search)
rms of the law, which distinguished him throughout life; for when the tribunes objected to the election, because he was not of the legal age, he haughtily replied, " If all the Quirites wish to make me aedile, I am old enough." In the spring of B. C. 211, his father and uncle fell in Spain, and C. Nero was sent out as propraetor to supply their place; but in the following year (B. C. 210), the Romans resolved to increase their army in Spain, and to place it under the command of a proconsul. Butly twenty-four, offered himself as a candidate, to the surprise of the whole people. The confidence he felt in himself he communicated to the people, and he was accordingly chosen with enthusiasm to take the command. Livy places his election in B. C. 211, but it could not have been earlier than B. C. 210. Upon his arrival in Spain in the summer of B. C. 210 Scipio found the whole country south of the Iberus in the power of the enemy. The three Carthaginian generals, Hasdrubal son of Barca, Ha
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Sci'pio (search)
Sci'pio 22. P. Cornelius Scipio Nasica, that is, " Scipio with the pointed nose," was the son of Cn. Scipio Calvus, who fell in Spain in B. C. 211. [No. 10.] He is first mentioned by Livy in B. C. 204 as a young man who was not yet of sufficient age to obtain the quaestorship, but was nevertheless judged by the senate to be the best citizen in the state, and was therefore sent to Ostia along with the Roman matrons to receive the statue of the Idaean Mother, which had been brought from Pessinus. In B. C. 200 he was one of the triumvirs, for the purpose of settling new colonists at Venusia; he was curule aedile in B. C. 196, praetor in 194, and in this year as well as in the following fought with great success in Further Spain, which was assigned to him as his province. But, notwithstanding these victories, and the powerful support of his cousin, the great Africanus, he was an unsuccessful candidate for the consulship for B. C. 192, and did not obtain it till the following year, when h
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Scopas (search)
me to the city. Meanwhile, however, he neglected the defence of Aetolia itself, and left it open to Philip to obtain important advantages on the side of Acarnania (Id. 4.27, 62, 5.11). The next year (218) he was sent by Dorimachus (who had succeeded him in the supreme command) with a mercenary force to the assistance of the Eleans (Id. 5.3), but we have no farther account of his operations in that year, or during the remainder of the Social War. His name does not again occur until the year B. C. 211, when we find him again holding the office of general, and in that capacity presiding in the assembly of the Aetolians, which concluded the alliance with the Roman praetor, M. Valerius Laevinus. The conquest of Acarnania was the bait held out to allure the Aetolians into this league, and Scopas immediately assembled his forces for the invasion of that country. But the determined resistance of the Acarnanians themselves, and the advance of Philip to their relief, rendered his efforts aborti
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Se'ppius Le'sius held the office of meddix tuticus at Capua, in B. C. 211, being the last of the Campanians who obtained this dignity. (Liv. 26.6, 13.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Se'ptimus, L. Ma'rcius （Liv. 32.2), usually called by Livy simply L. Marcius, was a Roman eques, and served for many years under Cn. Scipio in Spain. On the defeat and death of the two Scipios in Spain, in B. C. 211, L. Marcius, who had already gained great distinction by his military abilities, was called by the soldiers to take the command of the surviving troops, and by his prudence and energy preserved them from total destruction. He appears indeed to have gained some advantage over the Carthaginian army commanded by Hasdrubal, son of Gisco, which the Roman annalists magnified into a brilliant victory. The details of the history of the Roman war in Spain are not deserving of much credit, as has been already remarked [Vol. III. p. 742, a.]; and on this particular occasion the authorities which Livy followed appear to have indulged in more than their usual mendacity. A memorial of his victory was preserved in the Capitol, under the name of the Marcian shield, containing a likeness
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Sosis (search)
turned their arms against the traitors Hippocrates and Epicydes, who had taken refuge at Herbessus. Their object was, however, again frustrated by the mutiny of their mercenary troops, who declared in favour of the two Carthaginians, and the latter, following up their advantage, quickly made themselves masters of Syracuse itself. (Id. ib. 30-32.) Sosis on this occasion escaped the fate of most of his colleagues, and fled for refuge to the camp of Marcellus, with whom he continued throughout the longprotracted siege of his native city. In the course of these operations he rendered important assistance to the Roman general by carrying on negotiations with the Syracusan officers, and by leading the party which effected the surprise of the Epipolae. For these services he was rewarded by a conspicuous place in the ovation of Marcellus, B. C. 211, besides obtaining the privileges of a Roman citizen and an extensive grant of lands in the Syracusan territory. (Id. 25.25, 26.21, 30.). [E.H.B]
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Tau'rea, Jube'llius a Campanian of high rank and distinguished bravery in the second Punic war. He fought with Claudius Asellus in single combat in B. C. 215, and put an end to his own life on the capture of Capua by the Romans in B. C. 211. (Liv. 23.8, 46, 47, 26.15; comp. Cic. in Pis. 11.
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