The Daily Dispatch: March 20, 1861.

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Page image of Daily Dispatch, Volume 19, Number 066, page 1.

Daily Dispatch Vol. Xix — no.66 Richmond, Va. Wednesday, March 20, 1861 Price one cent Richmond Dispatch by Cowardin & Hammersley.

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Richmond Dispatch. Wednesday Morn'g., March 20, 1861. Virginia State Convention.twenty-ninth day.

Tuesday, March 19, 1861.

The Convention assembled at half-past 10. Prayer by the Rev. Geo. Woodbridge, of the Monumental Church.

Personal explanation.

Mr. Fisher, of Northampton, arose to set himself right in regard to his remarks of yesterday, which had been misrepresented in the editorial columns of the Richmond Whig, and likewise misunderstood by the member from Richmond, (Mr. Johnson, who replied to him on this floor. He disclaimed having made any proposition to the West, but had merely expressed his individual willingness to have justice done to that section if its representatives would give us an Ordinance of Secession and save the integrity of the Commonwealth. He had expressed his concurrence in an editorial of the Richmond Examiner. Mr. Fisher also corrected the report of his speech as it appeared in the official paper, the Enquirer, wherein he was made to praise certain action of the Governor of the Commonwealth, which in fact he condemned.

Resolution of instruction.

Mr. Hall, of Wetzel, offered the following resolution for reference to the Committee on Federal Relations.

Resolved. That the Committee on Federal Relations are hereby requested to report the Constitution of the Confederate States of the South as Virginia's ultimatum, and that, they recommend the same to the Northern States for their adoption or rejection; and in order to give them time to act on the same, this Convention will adjourn, to meet again on the first Monday in October, 1861.

Mr. Hall said he took it for granted that the Committee was unanimous in the opinion that amendments to the Constitution were necessary, and the only difference was as to what they ought to be. He thought the Constitution of the Confederate States, being the present Federal Constitution, so remodelled as to meet the exigencies of the times, ought to be acceptable to every member of the Convention. The changes he read seriatim, and commented favorably upon each.

Mr. Conrad, of Frederick, moved to lay the resolution on the table.

Mr. Early, of Franklin, rose to a question of order. The pending resolution of the gentleman from, Monongahela took precedence of other business.

The President decided that the resolution could not be referred without a vote of the Convention, and that a motion to lay on the table was in order.

The resolution was then laid on the table.

Report from the Committee on Federal Relations.

Mr. Conrad, of Frederick, asked and obtained leave to offer the following report from the Committee on Federal Relations:

The Committee on Federal Relations have, according to order, had under consideration sundry resolutions to them referred, and amendments proposed to the Federal Constitution, and beg leave to report the following amendments to be proposed to the Constitution of the United States; to be appended to their former report.

Art. XIII, § 1. In all the present territory of the United States, North of the parallel of thirty-six degrees and thirty minutes of North latitude, involuntary servitude, except in punishment of crime, is prohibited. In all the present territory South of that line, involuntary servitude, as it now exists, shall remain, and shall not be changed; nor shall any law be passed by Congress or the Territorial Legislature to hinder or prevent the taking of persons held to service or labor from any of the States of this Union to said Territory; nor to impair the rights arising from said relation; nor shall said rights be in any manner affected by any pre-existing law of Mexico; but the same shall be subject to judicial cognizance in the Federal Courts, according to the remedies and the practice of the common law.--When any Territory North or South of said line, within such boundary as Congress may prescribe, shall contain a population equal to that required for a member of Congress, it shall, if its form of Government be Republican, be admitted into the Union on an equal footing with the original States, with or without involuntary servitude, as such Constitution of the States may provide. In all territory which may hereafter be acquired by the United States, involuntary servitude is prohibited, except for crime, North of the latitude of 36 deg., and 30 min., but shall not be prohibited by Congress or any Territorial Legislature South of said line. §2. No territory shall be acquired by the United States, except by discovery and for naval and commercial stations, depots, and transit routes, without the concurrence of a majority of all the Senators from States which allow involuntary servitude, and a majority of all the Senators from States which prohibit that relation; nor shall territory be acquired by treaty, unless the votes of majority of the Senators from each class of States herein before mentioned be cast as a part of the two-third majority necessary to the ratification of such treaty. §3. Neither the Constitution, nor any amendment thereof, shall be construed to give Congress power to legislate concerning involuntary servitude in any State or Territory wherein the same is acknowledged, or may exist, by the laws thereof; nor to interfere with, or abolish, the same in the District of Columbia without the consent of Maryland and Virginia, and without the consent of the owners, or making the owners, who do not consent, just compensation; nor the power to interfere with, or prohibit, representatives and others from bringing with them to the District of Columbia, retaining and taking away, persons so held to labor or service; nor the power to interfere with, or abolish, involuntary service in places under the exclusive jurisdiction of the United States within those States and Territories where the same is established or recognized; nor the power to prohibit the removal or transportation, by land or water, of persons held to labor, or involuntary service, in any State or Territory of the United States to any other State or Territory thereof where it is established or recognized by law or usage; and the right — during transportation by sea or river — of touching at ports, shores and landings, and landing in case of need, shall exist; but not the right of sojourn or sale in any State or Territory against the laws thereof; nor shall Congress have power to authorize any higher rate of taxation on persons held to labor or service than on land. The bringing into the District of Columbia persons held to labor or service for sale, or placing them in depots to be afterwards transferred to other places for sale as merchandize, is prohibited. §4. The third paragraph of the second section of the fourth article of the Constitution shall not be construed to prevent any of the States, by appropriate legislation, and through the action of their judicial and ministerial officers, from enforcing the delivery of fugitives from labor to the person to whom such service or labor is due. §5. The importation of slaves, Coolies, or persons held to service or labor, into the United States and the Territories, from places beyond the limits thereof, is hereby forever prohibited. §6. Congress shall provide by law that the United States shall pay to the owner the full value of his fugitive from labor, in all cases where the Marshal or other officer, whose duty it was to arrest such fugitive, was prevented from so doing by intimidation from mobs or riotous assemblages, or by violence, or when, after arrest, such fugitive was rescued by like intimidation, or violence, and the owner thereby deprived of the same. §7. The elective franchise and the right to hold office, whether Federal or Territorial, shall not be exercised by persons who are of the African race. §8. No one of these amendments, nor the third paragraph of the second section of the first article of the Constitution, nor the third paragraph of the second section of the fourth article thereof, shall be amended or abolished without the consent of all the States.

The report was referred to the Committee of the Whole and ordered to be printed.

Night sessions proposed.

Mr. Hull, of Highland, by leave, offered the following:

Resolved. That in future, until further ordered, this Convention shall meet as at present, 10 ½ o'clock, remain in session until 2 ½ P. M., then take a recess, and again assemble at a quarter to P. M.

On motion of Mr. Early, of Franklin, the resolution was laid on the table.

Voice of the people.

Mr. Branch, of Petersburg, presented the resolutions lately adopted in that city, for immediate secession.

Mr. Branch said that he recognized the right of instruction, and bowed to the will of his constituents. His people had changed very suddenly, and might change again so soon as daylight broke upon our hopes, and he would then again be ready to carry out their will.--[Laughter.]

The resolutions were referred.

Taxation and representation.

The President stated the pending question to be on the resolutions offered on Saturday last by the gentleman from Monongahela, viz:

Resolved. That taxation should be equal and uniform throughout the Commonwealth, and that all property should be taxed in proportion to its value.

Resolved. That a committee of thirteen members be appointed to prepare and report to the Convention such alterations of sections 22 and 23 of Article IV. of the Constitution of the Commonwealth, as shall conform said sections to the principle of taxation enunciated in the foregoing resolution.

Resolved. That a committee of thirteen members be appointed to take into consideration so much of Article VI. of the Constitution of this Commonwealth, as relates to the Supreme Court of Appeals, the District Courts, Circuit Courts, and County Courts; and that they report such amendments and modifications thereof as they may deem necessary and proper.

Resolved. That the basis of representation in the two Houses of the General Assembly should be the same; Therefore, be it further.

Resolved. That a committee of twelve members, to be selected in equal numbers from the four great divisions of the State, be appointed to apportion representation in the Senate according to the number of the qualified voters in the Commonwealth, and that they report amendments of the 4th Article of the Constitution accordingly.

Mr. Woods, of Barbour, being entitled to the floor, proceeded to advocate the resolutions. In the course of his remarks he dilated with force upon the extravagance of State legislation. He believed that unless it were curtailed, the State of Virginia, whatever might be her action in other respects, was marching onward to ultimate repudiation.--He appealed to the magnanimity of Eastern gentlemen to do justice to the West. It was important at this crisis that the people of the different sections should be united.--He would not admit the possibility of separation, but the best way to attach the people to each other was to do justice to every section. He read from the financial reports of the State to show the rapid increase of the public debt. To restrain these extravagant expenditures, it would be necessary to make all the property of the State taxable, thus giving to all an equal interest in curtailing the same.

Mr. Haymond, of Marion, indicated his purpose to address the Convention on the subject to-morrow.

Mr. Conrad, of Frederick, offered the following resolution, which was adopted:

Resolved. That from and after this day, until further ordered, this Convention will resolve itself into Committee of the Whole upon the reports from the Committee on Federal Relations at the hour of 11 o'clock A. M.

Committee of the Whole.

The hour of half-past 12 having arrived, the Convention resolved itself into Committee of the Whole, (Mr. Southall, of Albemarle, in the Chair,) and proceeded to consider the various reports from the Committee on Federal Relations.

Mr. Randolph, of Richmond city, being entitled to the floor, proceeded to re-state a portion of his argument or yesterday, upon the subject of protection, having been requested to do so. He read statistics of the trade of Richmond in the articles of clothing, shoes, hats, &c., showing that a large proportion thereof, formerly manufactured here, was now manufactured at the North. Under the revenue system of the Confederate States, we would receive protection for our own manufactures, while the more costly fabrics would be supplied to us from abroad, where our agricultural productions would be wanted in return. He gave a history of the causes which had tended to build up the commerce of the North, and to depress that of the South. With regard to the reports from the Committee on Federal Relations, he objected to those which involved an application to the Northern people, for he believed none of them would be successful. They could not succeed without overturning all the official weight of the North, and changing the entire popular sentiment of that section.--He objected, also, to waiting an indefinite period of time to make such an experiment; for in the meanwhile all our commercial advantages would be lost. Even if they accepted the proposition, the South might refuse it, and thus we would be entirely cut off from our natural market, and subjected to the embrace of the Northern bear. He thought our efforts should be towards an alliance with the South, for at the North we should meet nothing but ruinous competition, while in the other direction a broad field was open for commercial and agricultural operations. If another effort were to be made to adjust the difficulty with the North, he thought a demand should be made such as the South could subscribe to, and fix a time for the limitation of negotiations; not keep the people in this present ruinous state of uncertainty. The best plan, he conceived, would be to adopt the report submitted by the gentleman from Amelia, (Mr. Harvie,) and take the State out of the Union at once. -- With regard to the causes which ought to induce such a step, he went on to show that the prime object of the Republican party was to abolitionize the country, and read from one of Lincoln's speeches, wherein he said that any man who held a slave ought to be himself a slave, and by the help of God such a result would be attained. Though the Inaugural had said that he did not mean to interfere with slavery where it exists, the tendency of the Republican doctrine was, he argued, to exterminate it everywhere. The entire experience of history taught that when a Government was abolitionized, the doom of slavery was sealed. The conversion of the iron-bound fanaticism of the North was the most absurd of all absurdities., Virginia ought to take a stand now — at once and forever. The time had come when we were two sections, divided in everything, with no hope of reconciliation. -- He believed that conjunction with the South was a peace measure; that if Virginia would secede, all threats of war by the North would be abandoned. With regard to North Carolina, and the border States, he would regret it if they refused to join us; but he believed such would not be the result. Whether they joined us or not, Virginia would be much better situated with the South than with the North. Virginia's position would be supreme in a commercial point of view, and the union would be mutually beneficial. He repudiated entirely the idea of a Border State Confederacy. There were no commercial advantages to be obtained, and he could see no reason for such a combination.

After the close of Mr. Randolph's speech, the Chairman said if there were no amendments to be offered to the first section of the report, the Committee would proceed to vote upon that section.

Mr. Fisher, of Northampton, said that the gentleman from Ohio, who had indicated a desire to reply to the gentleman from Richmond, was not present; and, with a view of giving him the opportunity to do so before the vote was taken, he moved that the Committee rise.

Mr. Price, of Greenbrier, said he hoped the Committee would not rise. If no gentleman was prepared to speak, the Committee was prepared to vote.

The question was taken on Mr. Fisher's motion, and decided in the negative.

Mr. Holcombe, of Albemarle, said he had desired to discuss the propositions contained in the various reports, but had supposed that some one would first want to reply to the gentleman from Richmond. It would be out of his power to proceed now, and he would yield the floor to any gentleman on the other side; but if it was not their purpose to discuss the subject further, he would ask the usual courtesy, and therefore renewed the motion that the Committee rise.

Mr. Hall, of Marion, said he would be glad to see the courtesy extended to the gentleman from Albemarle; but time was valuable, and if every gentleman occupied three days in the exposition of his views, he could not see when the Convention would be ready to adjourn.

Mr. Staples, of Patrick, hoped the committee would rise. The Convention could resume the consideration of the resolutions of the gentleman from Monongahela, and thus no time would be lost.

On this ground, Mr. Hall withdrew his objection to the motion.

After some further remarks by Messrs. Scott of Fauquier, Early and Branch, the question was taken on Mr. Holcombe's motion, and decided in the affirmative.

The Committee then rose, and the Chairman reported progress.

Taxation, &c.

The President stated the pending question to be on the resolutions of the gentleman from Monongahela, (Mr. Willey,) and that the gentleman from Marion was entitled to the floor.

Mr. Haymond said he had not intended to address the Convention to- day, but as a resolution had been adopted for going into Committee of the Whole at 11 o'clock, he would be compelled to avail himself of this opportunity of expressing his views upon the resolutions offered by the gentleman from Monongahela. He then went on to show that action upon this subject by the Convention was necessary for the highest interests of the people, and would promote the future welfare of the Commonwealth. He took the position that as the principle for which Virginia was now contending was the protection of slave property, and as it was conceded that all property that was protected should be taxed, and as this was the time above all others when equality of taxation was necessary, the citizens should unite in maintaining that it was right for each one to bear a proportion of the public burdens according to his ability.--He did not consider the question as a sectional one, but discussed it upon the broad ground of he general good. Proceeding with the subject of taxation, he showed from official documents that there were 230,000 slaves under twelve years of age, entirely exempt from taxation, and 272,000 over that age, taxed at the rate of $300 each. He estimated the average value of the latter class at $600, and argued that one-half of the slave property over twelve years of age was actually exempt. If taxed according to their value, the State would derive over $600,000 annually, to be applied to the extinction of the debt and for the public relief. Mr. Haymond produced an abundance of statistical information, and mentioned, among other facts, that more than one-fourth of the Sheriffs of the Commonwealth were defaulters for the past year. He strongly maintained the loyalty of the Western people. Without concluding his remarks, Mr. Haymond gave way for a motion to adjourn, the hour being late, and,

On motion of Mr. Turner, of Jackson, the Convention adjourned.

Responsibility of Liquor Dealers.

--One clause of a bill in relation to the sale of intoxicating liquors, which passed the Massachusetts House of Representatives, Friday, provides that the husband, wife, parent, child, guardian or employer of any person who hereafter may have the habit of drinking spirituous or intoxicating liquors to excess, may, in an action of tort against any person or persons who shall sell or deliver unlawfully to the person having such habit, recover as damages any sum not exceeding $500 and not less than $21.

The President and Gen. Scott attended church Sunday forenoon, at the church of the Rev. Mr. Hynes.

General Assembly of Virginia.[Extra session.]Senate.

Tuesday, March 19, 1861.

The Senate was called to order at 10½ o'clock, Mr. Johnson in the Chair.

Bills Reported.--A bill amending the charter of the town of Union, in the county of Monroe; a bill establishing a Board of Claims.

A resolution proposed by Mr. Paxton, changing the hour of meeting from 10 to 11 o'clock, was voted down.

A joint resolution was proposed by Mr. Pats, suspending, for 12 months, the judgment of the Circuit Court of Richmond city against Wm. Stratton and Henry Farley, of Logan county, upon a note for $1,950. Laid over under rules.

Virginia Canal Company.--On motion, House bill to incorporate the Virginia Canal Company, and to transfer the rights and franchises of the James River and Kanawha Company thereto, was referred to a committee, with instructions, to report as early as possible, Committee: Messrs. Neeson, Paxton, August, Logan, Douglass, and Brannon.

Communication from the Governor.--The President laid before the Senate a message from the Executive, transmitting a communication from Oliver P. Morton, Governor of Indiana, enclosing a joint resolution adopted by the General Assembly of that State, calling for a Convention to amend the Constitution of the United States.

Also, transmitting a communication from Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States, communicating an authenticated copy of a joint resolution to amend the Constitution of the United States, adopted by Congress, and approved on the 2d day of March, 1861, by James Buchanan, President.

Tax Bill.--The consideration of the unfinished business of yesterday was resumed. A number of amendments of minor importance were concurred in.

Mr. Nash moved to amend the 31st section, so as to provide that auctioneers should in no case exceed $1,000, which he subsequently withdrew.

Mr. Brannon moved to amend the same section by the insertion of the following, which was adopted:

"Taxable sales in this section shall be construed to embrace sales made by such auctioneer or vendue-master, whether such sale be public or private."

Mr. Stuart proposed as a new subject of revenue, that a new section be inserted in the bill, imposing a tax on the enrollment and registration of every private charter granted by the General Assembly, or by any Court of this Commonwealth.

Kino.--Mr. Lynch moved to reconsider the vote by which Kino tables were stricken from the 24th section.

The subject gave rise to a discussion, pending which.

On motion, the Senate adjourned.

House of Delegates.

Tuesday, March 19, 1861.

Speaker Critchfield called the House to order at 11 o'clock A. M.

The passage by the Senate of a number of bills was communicated to the House, the following of which were passed: Authorizing the Petersburg Railroad Company to increase their capital stock; authorizing the Treasurer of the State to destroy certain Bank notes now on deposit in his office, and such as may be received in future.

The House was notified that the Senate had agreed to the amendment proposed by the House to Senate bill to amend the 23d section of the 61st chapter of the Code, entitled "of works of internal improvement."

Senate bill establishing an inspection of leather for the county of Hampshire, was laid on the table.

The Finance Committee of the House reported in favor of Senate bill refunding to Elizabeth C. Richardson, of Henrico county, a sum of money paid by her on an erroneous assessment of land, and for correcting said assessment.

Mr. Collier offered a resolution for a final adjournment on the 25th inst., with the consent of the Senate. Laid on the table.

On motion of Mr. Christian, the House proceeded to the consideration of Senate bill "incorporating the Southern Express Company." Mr. Myers proposed an amendment striking out $50,000 and inserting $100,000. --Opposed by Mr. Magruder. The House refused to strike out. The bill passed.

The order of the day, the bill extending the charter of the Bank of Virginia, was taken up and ordered to its engrossment. Bills extending the charters of the Exchange, Valley, Northwestern, Merchants' and Mechanics' Bank of Wheeling, and Central Banks, were also taken up and ordered to be engrossed.

Mr. Collier presented the petition of citizens of Petersburg, praying a lien law for the benefit of persons furnishing building materials, which was referred to the Committee of Courts of Justice.

The Speaker laid before the House a communication from the Governor, enclosing a letter from the Governor of Indiana, transmitting a joint resolution adopted by the General Assembly of that State in reference to a call of a Convention to amend the Constitution of the United States; which was read, laid on the table, and ordered to be printed.

The Speaker also laid before the House a communication from the President of the United States, (Abraham Lincoln,) enclosing a resolution adopted by Congress in relation to an amendment of the Constitution; which was read, laid on the table, and ordered to be printed.

The House passed the bill amending the charter of the Bank of Charleston.

The State Penitentiary.--The following report was returned and ordered to be printed:

The Joint Committee on the part of the Senate and House of Delegates, to examine the Penitentiary, having discharged that duty, ask leave to submit the following report:

The Committee, in discharge of their duty, visited the Penitentiary and examined into the condition of the manufacturing department, cells, convicts, &c., all of which they found in good order and condition.

There being a large number of convicts employed in the shoe department, your Committee think that these prisoners ought to be separated into two divisions. This can be done at but little expense. Most of the convicts in this department, we find, are idle at this time. The reason of this, we are informed by the Superintendent, is for want of material to work upon. This is a matter which, we think, demands the serious attention of the Legislature.

Your Committee are of opinion that the number of cells is quite too small for the number of convicts. There were on the 1st of Oct. last, as per statement of the Superintendent, 367 prisoners, for the confinement of whom there are only 168 cells. It will thus be seen that in many of the cells there must necessarily be placed two or more prisoners.

From the statement of the Superintendent, it appears that the health of the prisoners is materially impaired by the dampness of the cells, and the Committee recommend that the Board of Directors be instructed to have the cells warmed in such a manner, and to such extent, as will conduce to the health of the prisoners.

In relation to the financial condition of the Institution, reference may be had to the statement of the General Agent which shows a balance due by him of $15,100.78, and a stock on hand amounting to $16,217.29, and to the general statement of the Superintendent, which shows a balance against the Penitentiary of $3,569.76. But, as the matter of the finances is now in the hands of the Finance Committee of the House, your Committee ask to be discharged from its further consideration. N. B. French,Senate.

W. W. Fleming,House.

Adjourned.

Position of the New Pennsylvania Senator.

--Hon. David Wilmot, author of the Wilmot Proviso, who has been elected to the U. S. Senate from Pennsylvania, made a speech in Philadelphia, Saturday night, on his way to Washington. He defined his position as follows:

"I believe it to be my highest duty, as I believe it to be the highest duty of every man in the country, to stand by the Government in this great crisis of affairs. I don't propose to enter upon any discussion upon the complications and embarrassments which surround the country, but thus far I can see, and so far it seems to me every citizen may see, that our safety, the safety of our liberty, the safety of our property, that every national and moral interest, is deeply involved in strengthening the arm of the Government at this period.--We have called to the Presidency by the peaceful operation of our institutions, by a constitutional majority of the people, a President to administer the affairs of this country for the ensuing four years. We are met by the remarkable spectacle of a revolution of an armed rebellion in a portion of the Republic. I believe that the policy of the Administration will be peaceful, that it will exhaust every peaceful means to restore quiet to the country without the employment of force. I believe that to be its true policy. It behooves us, however, to be prepared to meet any emergency that may arise."

Farewell of Mr. And Mrs. Crittenden.

--Hon. John J. Crittenden and wife left Washington, Monday, for Kentucky. The lady guests of the National Hotel gave a farewell entertainment on Saturday night to Mrs. Crittenden, at which General Scott, Members of the Cabinet, Judges of the Supreme Court, many Senators and other prominent persons were present. During the evening Judge Nelson presented Mrs. Crittenden with a magnificent bouquet in a neat little speech, and Mr. Lovejoy, of Boston, conveyed the parting sentiment of her friends in a brief address.

Nearly all the bees in the South of England have died this year. A person in New Forest, who had 140 hives, has lost every bee.

The oil region of Virginia.

the oil excitement — a visit to the wells — the great Influx of people from all quarters — Prospects for a large town in a few months, &c., &c.

[Correspondence of the Richmond Dispatch.] Three Forks, Roane county, Va., March 12th, 1861.

I was here some three years ago, and wrote you from this place. Some of your readers about Richmond thought the letter an amusing fabrication, and the people in this immediate neighborhood thought is an ill-tempered exposure of their poverty. The editor of a paper in this region assailed my motives, and some of his county correspondents regarded it as being wanting in truthfulness; but I stated facts simply then, and I hope I shall be equally sincere and candid now.

This country (the Northwest,) has, within the period above named, improved remarkably --no part of it more than this little settlement or village from which I write to-night. Instead of a miserable cabin for a hotel, I am seated in a large, well-arranged hotel, of ample dimensions for any village of this size in Virginia. The accommodations generally are good, and I hear no word whatever of complaint. I have no disposition to imitate my course when here before — i. e., leave before daybreak to-morrow, but may remain here several days.

As many of your readers may wish to know how to get out here, I will tell them. It you take the Fredericksburg train any morning, you will, without accident, be put down the following morning either at Ellenboro', Cairo, or at Petroleum, on the Parkersburg branch of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and from either of these points horses can be had to the "wells." The latter point will be found the most convenient, as horses can be gotten there without difficulty. The hire ($1.50 per day) is very high for this country, as heretofore it was only 50 cents. I went to the wells yesterday from Ritchie Court-House, where I had business, and although everybody with whom I conversed had something to say about the "wells," yet I was not fully, indeed, not at all, prepared for what I really witnessed. My road lay, for the most part, through a rough and uninhabited country, and just before reaching the "wells, " along a very high ridge from which a view of the country for many miles around was obtained, away in the west, I saw the rising town. Cabin after cabin ranged along the hill- side, so new that you imagined they were as yet unoccupied. I was forcibly reminded of the ideas I had conceived in regard to some newly- discovered "Diggins" in California. Presently we began to descend the ridge and wind around its base, when all at once the solitude of my long journey across the mountains was exchanged for the bustle and hum of city life. I had always spoken to every man, woman and child I met in the road, but now I did not think of it. There were squads of men standing in the muddy roads, while ox-carts, loaded with timber, were struggling along the deep ravines, and recently-felled trees and split boards lay on every side. I had never seen anything like it before; and as I got nearer the village I saw, not far off, derrick after derrick, with men busily engaged at the base and upon the top of them, boring for the precious oil. My excitement quickened rapidly. I hastened forward, my horse throwing the muddy water from, heels to head, until I found myself in the midst of the "Wells," and soon at the door of a hotel, half-finished, with no steps to the front door, so that it was necessary to enter the back way — the house being on a steep hill-side, there was no difficulty. I never saw such a "mess," to use a vulgar expression, before-- saddles and saddle-bags, bags of beans, dried apples, peaches and potatoes, and barrels of flour, all piled up together in the passage and in the dining-room, amid mud and dirt. I looked for a stable, but it had not been built — a shed for the present sufficed. The bar-room, as usual, was crowded. But I must not trespass upon your readers, but give you, in as few words as possible, a description of the "wells;" and, first, as to how they are dug: After the rock is reached, a few feet below the surface, the machinery for digging is prepared — a scaffold, about 35 feet high, 8 or 10 feet square at the base, and about 4 or 5 feet at the top, made of four poles, united by scantling, is erected; at the top of this is a "block," through which a rope is passed, by which the long "sinker, " made of iron, pointed with steel, is lifted and let fall.--After the well has been dug to a considerable depth rods are screwed on, thus lengthening the shaft; and, in order to lift it, a long pole is used, called a "scoop," (often 50 feet,) one end of which is fastened to the ground, and the other is attached to the top of the rod, by which it is lifted from the bottom. These rods are not more than two inches in diameter. The "well" is, therefore, very small — not more than three or four inches in diameter. If you have seen poles used in raising water from wells, you will readily understand what I mean. The men (two or three of them) at the top of the scaffold swing upon the end of the pole to which the sinker is attached, thus thrusting it down, and "poking" the bottom, followed by a metallic "click; " and again letting go the pole, the sinker is again raised; and so they continue, occasionally pulling up the apparatus to pump out the water and debris. The cost of boring is about $1.75 per foot for the first hundred feet, and $2 for all beyond. Within a space of a half-mile there are about 150 "wells," either already dug or in process of digging. They begin on the Little Kanawha, 200 yards or more below the mouth of " Burning Spring Rup," and continue up the run to its source. There are only six or eight wells that are yielding oil. All who have gone deep enough have been rewarded with success--not a single well has been abandoned. Perhaps four-fifths of the wells have been very recently begun. The progress made is from one foot to ten or fifteen feet per day. Some wells have been in process of digging for three or four weeks, but have not gotten more than 120 feet. The average depth is from 115 to 145 feet. Some persons have gone 200 feet without finding oil, but are not discouraged. Some dig on the hill-sides, but most of them in the bottom. I visited every well that was yielding oil. That of Llewellyn & Co. was yielding very rapidly; often it produces one barrel per minute. Think of it! I saw them filling seven barrels at the same time. A friend timed them, and they filled 14 barrels in 15 minutes--i. e., one hundred and forty dollars in a quarter of an hour, or $560 per hour. This is making money after a fashion. I never saw before. The oil sells readily at 25 cents per gallon, or $10 per bbl.--The expense of getting it is a mere nothing, after you once reach it. Sometimes it runs spontaneously, at other times it is pumped up. The flat-boats (of which I saw upwards of 100,) take it to Parkersburg, in 24 hours. Day before yesterday 2,000 or 3,000 barrels left the "wells" for that destination.

The well of Llewellyn & Co. is much the most productive. There are several others that yield 30 and 40 bbls. per day. Many of the wells are not worked, for want of barrels. If my friends, Messrs. Weston & Co., will bring one of their admirable stave-cutters out here, they will get abundant employment. Barrels bring $2 apiece. The timber here is superb, and very abundant. There is a small cooper's establishment here, but no steam used. The oil is peculiar. I saw some when out here two years ago, at Roane Court- House, exuding from a marsh, which was black and viscid, somewhat like tar; but this is fluid, and of a "bottle-green" color, sometimes yellow, like molasses. Its specific gravity is about 40 deg., water being 60 deg. It is as liquid as the "fluid" which you burn in Richmond, and is used here in fluid lamps, and, I understand, does not smoke. It can, as you know, be refined and made perfectly limpid. I learn this is done at little expense at several places on the Ohio, and also in New York, whenever much of it is shipped.

Well, Mr. Editor, would you not like to take a lease after all this? If you wish a half acre lot you must pay $500 cash, and another $500 when you strike the oil in sufficient quantity to work it, and then one-third of the oil delivered in barrels at the wells to the company's agent.

Having a good deal of land in this county. I determined, before leasing, to see whether the oil was confined to the Burning Spring Valley. The point from which I write is about 12 miles South of Burning Spring, and here to-day I find a man boring with every prospect of success. The indications here are very marked, and I have also seen them to-day six miles above this point.

The elevation of the surface here is very little above that of Burning Spring; and on comparing the different strata through which the man boring here has traversed and that encountered at the "wells," there is a singular agreement. Leases can be had here for a song. I shall take one or two myself, I think, though I have land in the neighborhood very similar in character, and on which there are signs of oil.

This is a remarkably fine country, (forget I own any land in it, if you please,) and, like a great many individuals, is not appreciated from home. The growth is most extraordinary. The beach, Lynn, poplar and oak are worth looking at. The lands are stiff, generally, and produce fine wheat and excellent grass, tobacco, corn, and, indeed, anything that can be produced in any other part of Virginia. If the whistle of the locomotive were heard here to-morrow, in less than two years this whole country would be entirely changed. Indeed, the Legislature should authorize a survey for this purpose, especially, if the promise of the oil wells should be realized. Hundreds of thousands of hogsheads of oil will, I doubt not, be shipped from this section in less than twelve months. I should like to see Virginias sharing fully in this wonderful production of our dear old State. Let them come out. As yet they are greatly in the majority, (10 to 1,) but Northern enterprise will soon turn the scale, unless we bestir ourselves.

A word on the subject of politics, and I have done. I have talked with almost everybody I have met, and there is but one opinion--no submission to Black Republican rule. They prefer peace, but stand ready to maintain their rights, either in or out of the Union. I have not met with a single doubtful man here.

Now, Mr. Editor, begging your pardon for this lengthy epistle, which you are at liberty to administer to your readers in one "bolus," or in broken doses, as you think best,

I am yours, P.

The Parkersburg (Virginia) Gazette, noticing the oil discoveries treated of in our correspondent's letter, says that two barrel factories are being built in that town, capable of turning out 400 barrels per day, and that at Burning Springs a factory is being erected to manufacture 1,000 barrels per day. The same paper furnishes the following items:

Since our last issue, this section has been visited by some pretty heavy rains, causing a considerable rise in the rivers. The Little Kanawha rose sufficient to let out quite a fleet of boats loaded with oil. We were informed that there were at least 175 boats loaded at Burning Springs, awaiting the rise, besides others constantly arriving. Estimating that these boats, nearly all of which number have arrived, will average sixty barrels each, and we have the round sum of 10,000 barrels as this week's receipt.

Edward Braidon, of this place, met with a painful accident at Burning Springs, on Wednesday night last. He was standing near his well, with a lamp in his hand, when a vein of gas was reached, which, pouring out, was ignited by the flame of the lamp. Mr. B.'s face was so badly burned that it is severely blistered, and his eye-brows and hair were also badly singed.

Troubles in Arizona

--Another Massacre.--A correspondent of the St. Louis Republican, writing from Tucson, Arizona, under date of the 25th ult., furnishes the following particulars of the latest massacre:

Last evening a party returned who had gone out to the aid of several persons en route for Fort Breckinridge. Intelligence had reached us the day previously that the party, consisting of six men, in charge of an ox-wagon laden with provisions, had been attacked and routed. Four of the men had come in, each giving a different account as to the number of Indians, and all ignorant of the fate of the missing men. The scout of citizens which went out from here found the remains of the wagon at the spot indicated. The road at that point runs along a ridge, upon one side of which is a precipitate bank. They there found eighteen holes in the ground, which had been dug by the Indians as hiding places, and as the wagon approached they were enabled to fire upon them without being themselves observed in the darkness of early night. The two missing men were riding in front, driving some loose stock, while the remainder of the party were with the wagon, which contained about $1,800 worth of goods. But one volley was fired by the Indians.

The two Americans in front, as ascertained by following their trail, were both wounded, and their horses taking fright, ran down the precipitous bank, and kept along the ravine several hundred yards, when the horsemen halted, as is supposed, unable to ride further. The body of one, John Page, was found on this spot. The blankets, pistol and knife of his companion were also found, but he and his horse were both missing. Page's horse had been killed, and, as it appeared, by the missing man, in order to quench his thirst by a drink of the animal's blood. He had stayed with Page till the spark of life had fled, and then gone off in search of sustenance. It is not thought he was mortally wounded, as his activity was too great for one in the throes of death. He had ungirded the saddle from his horse in order to obtain his blankets, which he was packing in that manner, and it is supposed the animal took fright and ran away. The saddle was found near by. He has probably started afoot for the pass, but whether he reached it finally, or died upon the way, we do not know. Page was the husband of the young woman who was taken captive by the Indians nearly a year ago, and whose wonderful narrative of sufferings during the sixteen days in which she subsisted on roots and grass, when left for dead, naked and wounded, by the savages, was the sensation item of the press for some weeks.

Appointments, removals and Resignations.

The Washington States gives the following intelligence about the official appointments &c., in the departments there:

Mr. George Wood, of this city, has been appointed to a third class clerkship in the Treasury Department. Messrs. Wm. E. Gassen, of Pennsylvania; Thaddeus H. Stanton, of Iowa; Warren T. Lockhart, of Indiana; Elijah C. Mayhew, of Indiana, and John M. Hay, of Illinois, have been appointed clerks in the Pension Bureau--all to fill vacancies.

A correspondent of the Alexandria Gazette, writing from Leesburg, Loudoun county, Va., says:

"I have heard that Mr. C. W. Morgan, a printer by trade, and a daguerreotypist by occupation, has received an appointment to a clerkship in Washington. He is a Pennsylvanian, who married in this county, and is said to be a near connexion of Mr. David Wilmot."

We have understood that Mr. Morgan is a brother-in-law of Mr. Wilmot, and that he received his appointment at the earnest solicitation of Mr. Wilmot and Galusha A. Grow, and he is charged to Virginia as an appointment from that State.

Mr. T. C. L. Hatcher, of Loudoun county, Va., who held a first-class clerkship in the Census Bureau, has been removed for the avowed reason of giving place to a man from the same county who had Republican proclivities and strong Republican influence.--Mr. H. was informed that his services were entirely acceptable as far as regarded competency, but that the new appointee had Republican influence and Mr. H. had not.

Joseph S. Lewis, Esq., of Texas, who held a $1,600 clerkship in the Post-Office Department, resigned his office on Saturday last.

Dr. D. R. Lindsay, of Alabama, for many years disbursing agent of the Sixth Auditor's Office, has resigned his $2,000 position, to take effect on the 2d day of April.

Among the noticeable removals is that of H. St. George Offut, Esq., Chief Clerk of the Sixth Auditor's Office. Mr. Offut was appointed to office by Mr. Polk in 1845, and had been promoted six times, once by Mr. Corwin. Mr. Offut was a most efficient officer.

Hon. Green Adams, member of the late Congress from Kentucky, has been appointed Auditor of the Treasury for the Post-Office Department (usually called the Sixth Auditor's Office) in place of Doctor Tate, of Virginia, resigned.

Tragedy on Shipboard.

--The ship General Parkhill, Capt. Pyke, bound from England for Charleston, S. C., left the Mersey on the 25th ult.:

The crew consisted of first and second mates, boatswain, steward, and eleven seamen. It appears that the ship had not got far down the river when some angry words took place between the captain and crew, and two of the crew were flogged. Shortly after they attached the captain and first mate, killing the former and terribly wounding the latter. The vessel was carried back to Liverpool and the crew were arrested. Captain Pyke was a native of Preston, England, and was about 34 years of age. He was a married man, with a family. After the removal of the body of the unfortunate man to the dead house, the detective officers examined his cabin. They found under the pillow of his bed photographs of his wife and the youngest child, a little fellow about two years of age. In the cabin was also a pair of child's shoes, and attached to them a memorandum reminding the captain that he was to get two similar pairs at a certain shop in Charleston.

Archbishop Hughes on the crisis.

--Archbishop Hughes spoke in New York on Saturday, and closed his remarks as follows:

"He concluded by saying that in our own country, where there had been lately so much excitement — all of which he trusted would terminate amicably--[applause]--for every man, North and South (they called it North and South,) though they talked about disunion and civil war — there was but one rule for a Catholic wherever he was; that was, to do his duty — to do his duty as a citizen. If, living South of Mason and Dixon's line, he thought those on that side were right, he ought to fight there; and if we here thought the other way, we would fight, too. [Applause and laughter.] But no matter how deep and wide they might contrive to make the chasm dividing the North and South in their political relations, they could not divide the Catholics on both sides of the line; for, though they might not be very distinguished engineers, so far as religion was concerned they could throw a bridge over the chasm. [Great applause and laughter.]--

Fatal fight.

--Two negroes employed on the schooner Thos. F. Dawson, of Richmond, got into a fight on board, at Norfolk, Va., Saturday afternoon, during which they fell overboard, and one of them, Ben Drummond, owned by Mrs. Anderson, of York county, was drowned. The other, Dick Brock, owned by Wm. Brent, of Richmond, being a good swimmer, escaped. He was committed to jail.

Local matters. Meeting of citizens of Henrico.

--We gave on Monday a synopsis of the proceedings of a meeting of the citizens of Henrico, who met at their Court-House, Saturday, to take into consideration the condition of the country, and insert to-day the resolutions adopted.--Dr. Z. S. McGruder, county Delegate, who was called on to define his position in the present crisis, said he had voted for the Peace Conference as a final effort, and so far as he was able to judge, from the information before him, it had, to his deep regret, signally failed, and that if he were a member of the Convention, with all the lights now before him, he would vote for Virginia's resuming all power delegated by her to the Federal Government; and that he was, if need be, in favor of Virginia's assuming an independent position, supplicating to no section, North, South, East or West, and thereby have a voice in the formation of any new Confederacy.

The committee of seven appointed to draft resolutions for the meeting, reported the following as the action of a majority of said committee:

Whereas, a Black Republican Administration is now fully inaugurated, which not only gives us every reason to apprehend all the evils which must naturally flow from the application of their principles to the affairs of the Government and the people, but threatens to exercise compulsive force against sovereign States, and thus to inaugurate war with all its horrors; and, whereas, all the efforts of the State of Virginia to obtain satisfactory assurances and guarantees for the rights, the peace, and the safety of the slaveholding States, have signally failed, and, whereas, in our judgment, the time has come when Virginia should determine whether she will unite with her friends or her enemies; Therefore.

Resolved. That the State of Virginia should now resume the powers which she delegated to the General Government, and unite her fortunes with those of her sister Southern States who have withdrawn from the Federal Union.

Resolved, That to this end we earnestly desire that the State Convention now in session should, without further delay, adopt an Ordinance of Secession, and call upon the other Border States to do likewise.

Resolved, That the delegate of Henrico county in the State Convention be most respectfully requested to carry into effect our wishes, as herein expressed.

Jas. T. Redd, Esq., submitted a minority report as a substitute for the resolutions embraced in the majority report, as follows:

Resolved, as the sense of this meeting, That the present interests and future peace and welfare of this State require that we dissolve our connection with the present Government of the United States, and that this State resume her full and entire sovereignty.

Resolved, That while we do not formally instruct our delegate in the State Convention to vote for an Ordinance of immediate Secession, we would suggest to him that it is the earnest desire of this meeting, and, we believe, of a majority of the citizens of the county, that he take such action as will tend to reinvest our State with her full sovereignty.

Garland Hanes, Sr., of Henrico, offered the following resolution as a substitute for the minority report, viz:

Resolved, That we, citizens of Henrico, are perfectly willing to abide the decision of the State Convention, believing that the Old Dominion has rights in the Union, and that they will protect and defend them.

The vote was then taken upon Mr. Haines' resolution, which was defeated by a large majority, and Mr. Redd's minority report was also lost. The majority report of the Committee passed by a large majority, several persons giving their votes against the resolutions.

Echoes from "Solitude."

--Ragland's row,

Cary street

, between

7th

and

8th

, was the scene of some rare exploits Monday night, in the way of fighting, breaking heads, drinking and general disorders, which culminated on the arrival of the watchmen and the arrest of Florence St. Clair, (a white woman,) John S. Burruss, a graduate from the Penitentiary, Frances Melton, (white,) and Willamina Tyree, (a fast darkey, hiring her own time,) who, with others, were found associating together in the cellar of Ellen, slave of George Bloomer. The latter was caged for going at large, and keeping a house of evil name, fame and reputation, where whites and blacks associated promiscuously together. When the police entered, they found the parties above named, and others, engaged in a regular rough and tumble scrimmage — the man or woman with the hardest head having the best "show." One or more persons, deemed base intruders, were knocked out of time by such gentle appliances as axe-handles and pokers, but of " such " more anon. George Bloomer, proprietor of the occupant of the cellar, and his brother, Beverly, appeared as witnesses against the above parties and others, but were both sent to jail for having initiated and actively participated in the muss.--Their examination on said charge was set for Thursday. In default of security for their good behavior, Florence St. Clair, (white,) Jno. S. Burruss, (white,) and Frances Melton, (white,) were sent to jail. Willamina Tyree, (a slave, hiring herself,) was ordered twenty lashes and discharged. The same judgment was given in the case of the girl Ellen, owned by George Bloomer. In the olden time, Alsasin, in London, was the place where all the low rowdyism of that great metropolis found expression in acts of violence, and in these latter days "Solitude," in Richmond, emulates its great prototype in those acts which gave the former its unenviable notoriety.--Our Richmond Alsasin is most inappropriately named — Solitude does not reign there except in name. Jones, or some other celebrated poet, once said, "A rose by any other name would smell as sweet," but we doubt whether any cognomen would give the odor of sanctity to "Solitude."

Secession in Hanover.

--On Tuesday, the 12th inst., the good people of old Hanover assembled at their Court-House and gave expression to their sentiments in the existing crisis, by the erection of a secession flag.--Amid the approving shouts of the crowd, Mr. James Lyons, of Henrico, in eloquent strains, addressed the people, hailing the flag as a happy omen of a purer and better feeling in Virginia. He was followed in brief speeches by Capt. George W. Bassett, St. George Tucker, Chastain White, Dr. E. S. Talley, John H. Taliaferro, and Dr. John B. Fontaine, who were present, breathing the right spirit and bearing decided testimony to the unanimity of the secession sentiment in Hanover. The glorious old county which was a pioneer in the cause of Freedom in 1776, has resolved to be among the first in asserting the rights of the South, and in a firm determination to maintain them.

Retention of a public officer.

--A petition is in circulation in Richmond, and has been very extensively signed, asking Mr. Lincoln to retain Col. Thos. B. Bigger as Postmaster. It is signed by members of all parties, and states that the Colonel has given satisfaction, as head of postal arrangements in Richmond, to five Presidents of the United States--a fact the public will readily admit. The Whigs protested against his removal when General Taylor was elected, and he was retained. Col. B. is a veteran of the war of 1812. He also, from his long connexion with the post-office, understands its workings better, we suppose, than anybody that the President might be induced to put in his place.

Robbery.

--We learn that Mr. William H. Dixon was attacked at the corner of

7th

and

Cary streets

, on the evening of the 18th inst., by three men, who robbed him of one hundred and forty-three dollars and a small gold pencil. Mr. Dixon had his jaw broken by the ruffians in three places, and was very badly bruised about the body and head. We did not hear that there was any clue to the discovery of the perpetrators of the violence.

There are a great many Free Negroes, from neighboring counties, living in this city, in direct opposition to law, none of whom have ever applied to the Hustings Court for registration, and whom the Mayor is empowered to have castigated whenever brought before him. As he generally carries out the law, "parties interested," if they wish to have whole skins, had better effect a speedy exodus from these parts.

Trial for counterfeiting.

--The trial of Harvey Wash, for counterfeiting and passing gold coin of the United States, was commenced before Judge Wm. H. Lyons, of the Hustings Court, on yesterday. Testimony was taken till the hour of 3 o'clock, when the Court adjourned till 4. Judge Crump, and J. G. Williams, Esq., appeared for the accused; Mr. Tazewell for the Commonwealth.

Dangerously wounded.

--A man named John L. Curry, a butcher, doing business in the First Market, had his skull beaten in, and was otherwise so badly injured, in an affray which happened near the corner of

7th

and

Cary streets

, Monday night, that he is not expected to survive.

Purchasing Arms.

--Mayor Townes and Capt. Bond, of Petersburg, were in Richmond yesterday, for the purpose of purchasing a supply of arms for the military of that city, in accordance with a liberal appropriation made by the Petersburg Council.

Religious revival.

--A very interesting revival of religion is going on at the present time at the Grace street Baptist Church, of which Rev. J. B. Jeter is pastor. The pastor has received occasional assistance from the Rev. Joseph Walker, who is a member of his congregation and an excellent preacher.

Law.

--There are now in the Union 27 Supreme Courts, and as many Legislatures manufacturing law. We pity the gentlemen of the long robe. They are even in a worse plight than newspaper reporters.

Theatre.

--The excellent comedy of "Self" will be repeated to-night, and if there are any who have not seen it, we advise them to take advantage of this opportunity, for we are assured that it will not be played again this season. A good piece, well performed, is worth going to see; and we may safely say that this attractive combination is to be found there on this occasion. Miss Bateman, than whom we seldom see a better actress, sustains the leading female character; Mr. Bateman plays "John Unit," and the remaining parts are judiciously distributed.

We understand that the petition instructing the city delegates to vote in Convention for an Ordinance of Secession has received the signatures of nearly half the voters of the city. Under such circumstances the City Council might well order a vote on the question of secession or submission.

Negro Sales.

--The sales of good No. 1 hands progress daily in Richmond, with satisfactory returns, showing conclusively that whether the Union is dissolved a little more or not, negroes must go. There is no good reason for their prices not ranging as high now as ever.

Patents.

--Will some erudite and learned pundit of the law tell us what is to become of the patents granted by the United States, if the Union be subjected to any more dissolution? The cement that bound the old edifice is getting more shaky every day.

Dismissed.

--The Mayor yesterday dismissed a summons issued against Wm. A. Irving, because his son had thrown snow-balls in the street. An admonition was administered to young Irving.

The Court of Appeals will be in session again early in April. The Court has a number of cases in its hands yet undecided. The case of Baker against Wise is looked to with much interest.

The Case of Shooting in which Mr. J. H. Crenshaw is involved, will be called in the Hustings Court, Judge Lyons, this day week.

Going, going, gone!

--The snow which fell on Monday was knocked down yesterday to Old Sol, who was the highest bidder.

The next Baptist anniversaries are celebrated in May, in little Petersburg.

The City Railroad, it is stated, will certainly be ready in May.

United States vessels at the Navy-yard.

The sloop-of-war Jamestown, which was taken off the dry-dock last week, will be fitted for sea in a short time. The steamer Water Witch was put upon the dock on Thursday, and will be launched again to-morrow. Orders have been received from Washington to fit out the Water Witch for service immediately. The Water Witch carries four guns, and is a substantial fast-sailing vessel. In this connection might be mentioned that considerable activity exists in the arsenal, on

Gray's Ferry Road

, in the manufacture of clothing and stores for the Quartermaster's department of the Army.--Phila. Press.

Exports from the two American Confederacies.

--It is announced in the journals, that the French Government has issued instructions to the Custom-House officers at the Atlantic and Mediterranean ports, for their guidance during the present disturbance in the United States. The officers are to pay no attention to the irregularities of form in the clearances, where no doubt exists as to the origin of the vessels. But these instructions extend only to goods carried by ships under the flag of the United States.

The French Soldiery.

--Maj. R. S. Garnett, U. S. A., of Virginia, who was sent by the U. S. Government to Europe, to observe the artillery improvements going on in the services of the different Powers, visited, a few months since, the "cannon depots" of Paris, and saw the Frenchmen go through their evolutions. He says that their proficiency in gunning is greater than that of the English. "The French are quick, correct, intelligent, and careful of their pieces, and make admirable shots."

The Old Copper cents.

--In November last the Directors of the mint at Philadelphia made an arrangement with the Adams Express Company, to convey to the mint, free of charge, all old cents to be exchanged for new ones. On the 20th of last month this arrangement was brought to a close. During this time (about three months) there have been received and exchanged, at the mint, 5,400,000 cents, ($54,000)--1,100,000 ($11,000) were sent from Boston and the East.

Dedication.

--The Protestant Episcopal Chapel, recently erected at Olivet Station, Fairfax co., Va.,and called Holcombe Chapel, was dedicated on Sunday last by Bishop Johns. It is named in memory of Rev. H. H. Holcombe, an Alumnus of the Theological Seminary of Virginia, who lately died in Africa, where he was a missionary, and by whose efforts the Station was originally established.

The last of the Southern cadets.

--Cadets Moreno and Semmes, the former from Florida and the latter from Alabama, have both resigned their appointments and will leave West Point immediately for Montgomery. --The latter young gentleman is a son of Commander Raphael Semmes, who resigned from the Navy about a month ago. There are now no cadets at West Point from the seceded States.

A young lady on fire in the street.

--A young lady was proceeding leisurely through

Court street

, Boston, Friday, when a gentleman walking behind her discovered that the skirt of her dress was on fire. Without creating a general alarm he extinguished the flames, burning his hands slightly in the operation.

Libel Suit.

--The captain of the ship Adelaide Bell has sued the proprietors and editors of the New Orleans Crescent for $50,000 damages, on account of certain reports in regard to what was alleged to be a Black Republican flag which was unfurled from the mast-head of that vessel.

Narrow escape.

--While watching the ice coming down the river at Hartford, Ct., on Tuesday, Mrs. Gaines saw an apron in the stream. Seizing a pole, she attempted to land it, when she discovered that a little four year old boy was attached to it. He was rescued insensible, but finally resuscitated.

Heavy damages.

--The Harrisburg (Pa.) Telegraph states that on Wednesday last the jury in the case of Lewis Smith, an employee of the Northern Central Railroad Company, who sued that company for damages for a broken arm, awarded the plaintiff $4,575. The case is to be appealed to the Supreme Court.

Deceased.

--Colonel Alexander M. Mitchell died on the 28th ult., at St. Joseph, Mo. The deceased distinguished himself in the Mexican war, in command of the first regiment of Ohio volunteers, and was made Governor of Monterey, having been wounded in the storming of that city.

Arrived.

--Among the passengers who arrived at New York by the steamship Arabia was Mr. W. H. Russell, the special correspondent of the London Times, who has come to this country for the purpose of giving a fair and impartial account of the nature and extent of our political troubles.

Editors on the Wing.

--Among the arrivals by the Bienville at New Orleans, from New York via Havana, was quite a representation of New York journalism. Mr. John Clancy, of the New York Leader; Mr. George Wilkes, of the Spirit of the Times; and Col. H. Fuller, whilom of the Mirror, &c., composed it.

Barracks in Washington.

--The Government has purchased the late inauguration ball-room for barracks for the troops expected in Washington, which saves the ball contractors great personal loss, as the ball did not pay its expenses by $8,000.

New York Bank statement.

--The weekly statement of the New York Banks show an increase of $95,000 in loans; $2,326,000 in specie; $1,800,000 in deposits, and a decrease of $143,000 in circulation.

A "Foreign" Convention.

--No less than twenty-one of the members of the Missouri Convention bail from Virginia, thirty from Kentucky, ten from Tennessee, and only fourteen from Missouri.

Hotel burnt.

--The hotel at the Sulphur Springs, near Asheville, N. C., a popular summer resort, was burnt on the 13th inst. It was owned by Wm. L. Henry, and the loss is estimated at $12,000.

Thomas McWilliams, master carpenter on the Mississippi and Tennessee Railroad, was killed on the 14th inst., in attempting to leap on the cars while in motion.

Mr. E. Dickinson, a merchant from California, was assassinated at Jefferson city, Mo., last week.

Rev. P. S. Henson, formerly of Virginia, has accepted a call to the Broad Street Baptist Church, in Philadelphia.

Since the 16th of December last the sum of $19,320,466 in specie has been imported into the United States from Europe.

Page image of Daily Dispatch, Volume 19, Number 66, page 2.

Richmond Dispatch Wednesday Morn'g...march 20, 1861. The Convention.

A resolution offered yesterday, by Mr. Hall, of Wetzel, requesting the Committee on Federal Relations to report the Constitution of the Confederate States of the South as Virginia's ultimatum, was laid upon the table.--A supplemental report from the Committee on Federal Relations was submitted by Mr. Conrad, the Chairman. It embodies proposed amendments to the Federal Constitution, in some respects similar to the propositions emanating from the Peace Conference, but changed in essential particulars. The report, which was referred to the Committee of the Whole, will be found in the regular proceedings. A resolution to hold night sessions was voted down by a large majority.-- Mr. Branch presented the Petersburg secession resolutions, and expressed his readiness to "bow to the will of his constituents." The subject of taxation was considered, and Messrs. Woods and Haymond made speeches in favor of equality. Mr. Randolph finished his able argument on the Committee's reports, and Mr. Holcombe has the floor, in Committee of the Whole, to-day.

The Legislature.

A bill was reported in the Senate yesterday for the establishment of a Board of Claims. The bill for the sale of the Canal was referred to a special committee. Communications were read from the President of the United States and Governor of Indiana.--The tax bill was debated.

The House passed Senate bill allowing the Petersburg Railroad Company to increase its capital stock. Mr. Collier offered a joint resolution for final adjournment on the 25th instant. Senate bill incorporating the Southern Express Company was passed. Resolutions of the Indiana Legislature, in reference to a Convention to amend the Constitution of the United States, and resolutions of Congress in relation to an amendment of the same instrument, were read. The Committee on the Penitentiary returned a report on that subject. A petition was presented in favor of giving liens to persons furnishing building materials. The House meets to-day at 10 o'clock.

Southern privateering.

Commenting upon the prospect of organizing a privateering force in the South, in the event of war between the two nations, a Northern journal says: "The South forgets that privateering is behind the age, unchristian in the estimation of most people, and justifiable only in self-defence. We should hang even those suspected of it to the yard-arms, by Lynch law, without judge or jury."

Of all the cool things this side the North Pole, commend us to this paragraph. The effrontery of it is unparalleled, amazing, sublime. The South forgets that privateering is behind the age! How long is it since the North forgot the same thing? Why, the ink is scarcely dry on Secretary Marcy's flat refusal to the propositions of the Paris Peace Congress to America to give up privateering, a refusal which every paper in the United States applauded to the echo, among them the very one which now talks about privateering being unchristian and behind the age! If privateering is unchristian, it took the Christian world a long time to find out the sin of it, for every Christian, as well as unchristian nation on the face of the earth has practiced it, and none as much as the United States, who, during the Revolution and the late war, made it their main reliance, their "militia of the seas," as the Northern people have delighted to call it, and found it too valuable ever to surrender.--Every one must remember, that when the great powers at Paris artfully proposed to America to surrender privateering, it was universally replied by the Northern journals that, having but a small navy in comparison with those of England, France, &c., we could never surrender such an essential instrument of national self-defence. And it is only in self-defence that the South, which has no navy, will resort to this legitimate mode, fully recognized by Northern practice and defended by Northern argument, of harassing a powerful naval foe. As to the threat of hanging. now so common in coercive circles, let it never be forgotten that hemp grows in the South more abundantly than in the North, and that hanging is a game at which two can play. For every Southern privateersman hung without Judge or Jury, two Sons of the Pilgrims will be swung up like dried codfish at the first convenient lamp-post, oak tree or yard-arm. Let them inaugurate their blockade as soon as they like, and initiate at once the brutalities with which they threaten any attempts at resistance and reprisal. We venture to predict that if they dare to mete out any measure to Southern privateers which they would themselves consider unjust and inhuman if inflicted by European men-of-war upon their own private armed marine, the prisoners of the South will be made to pay an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth, and a life for a life, till they are sick to the soul of "hanging Southern privateers without Judge or Jury. "

How it works.

The New York Herald says that Northern merchants are already making arrangements to import goods into Charleston, Savannah, and New Orleans, in order to avoid the duties of the Morrill tariff. A few corrupt and depraved politicians concocted it, with the double intent of increasing the revenue and patronage of the present Administration, and of benefiting the manufacturing and iron interests of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and the New England States. It is a disgrace to every one concerned in it. Its authors will be disappointed in their expectations. The fact is, that the superior advantages offered by the South, and the certainty that imported merchandize can be transmitted, by rivers and railroad, to any part of the Northwest, and the States south of Mason and Dixon's line, at the lower rates of duty of the Montgomery tariff, will divert importations from New York, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts, to South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, and Louisiana, and a blow will be struck at the local prosperity of the former States, the effects of which it is impossible accurately to calculate. It has been repeatedly demonstrated that every effort of the Washington government to prevent the free ingress of merchandize into the Southern ports, must prove abortive. The united navies of England and France could scarcely guard such an immense line of coast. Thus, able as the South will be to import goods, and, after they are landed, to forward them to all parts of the continent, they will practically collect duties for the whole Union. It is simply absurd to suppose, adds the Herald, that any European nation would neglect the advantages which it might derive from a commercial treaty with a Power having so extended a commerce within its grasp.

If the Border Slave States had gone out with their sister States of the South, Norfolk harbor would have been alive with the shipping of the world, and the North, in the event of such a secession, would never have made an attempt to collect the revenue. The Northern merchants would then have made their arrangements to import through a nearer and larger harbor than any in the Southern Confederacy. Norfolk would, besides, have become the great ship-building station for the Southern naval and commercial vessels.--What has not Virginia lost by the unspeakable blindness and stolidity of men who do not recognize that the world moves, and that those who do not move with it are left behind to darkness and chaos.

Carl Schurz.

The Cleveland Plain-dealer says there are two excellent reasons why Carl Schurz should have the mission to Sardinia. 1. Because he wishes to leave the country. 2. Because the country wishes him to leave.

From West & Johnston we have received Harper's Magazine for April.

The police of Baltimore, in pursuance of law, have prohibited the meeting in that city of what is called the "African Methodist Episcopal Conference."

Sir Robert Wilson's secret history of theRussian campaign of 1812.

We made a brief notice of this work, with extracts, some short time since. We propose now, not so much to enter into its merits, as to give some account of the writer, and to let the reader draw his own inference with regard to its credibility. In his own day, Sir Ronert acquired the reputation of the most fanciful writer that ever undertook to relate matters of fact. But his contemporary reputation seems to have died away, with the circulation of his books. He exaggerated, misrepresented, and if he did not in vent, yet gave credit to anything which might be said to the disadvantage of Napoleon so readily, that he obtained the character of an inventor almost as ingenious as Homer or Tasso. Napoleon was the great bugbear of his existence, as long as he was fulfilling his astonishing mission.--He fought against him wherever he appeared in arms. In Egypt, in Poland, in Portugal, in Spain, in Russia, in Germany, and in France. In fact, he was one of the most thorough fighting men that ever existed. He could not live out of the smell of gunpowder. It was to him what the order of sacrifice and Frankincense was to the gods of the heathen. He went any distance, and underwent any toils, to get a sniff at it. He was an officer in the English army, but when the English army was not fighting he got leave of absence and went somewhere where fighting was going on. He was as fond of scribbling as he was of fighting, and he could not touch a pen, any more than a pistol, without producing an explosion. He was a warm-hearted, generous, impulsive man, with strong affections and bitter animosities. He wrote under the impulse of his feelings, and there was nothing he would not say, and believe, too, against any man whom he hated.

Sir Robert was born in London, in 1777, and educated at Westminster. When he was but seventeen, his inordinate love of fighting carried him over to Holland, with the Duke of York's army, in 1794, where, having no commission, he entered as a volunteer. He soon distinguished himself by a succession of daring exploits, in one of which he was so fortunate as to rescue the Emperor of Austria, when he was on the point of being captured by the French. His gallantry attracted attention, and he soon received a commission.-- In 1797, he was a captain, and during the next year, served in Ireland, on the staff of Gen. St. John. In 1799 he made the campaign of Holland, and in 1801 he accompanied the expedition of Sir Ralph Abercrombie to Egypt, and was personally engaged in all the battles. In 1802, having returned to England in consequence of the peace, he published his history of the English expedition to Egypt, in the course of which he indulged his hatred of Bonaparte in a series of gross and unfounded charges, by which that General, now first Consul, was so much irritated that he made it the subject of a formal complaint to the government of Great Britain. Finding that he could obtain no redress, but that, on the contrary, the book was specially patronized by royalty, on account of its calumnies with respect to himself, the first Consul directed General Sebastiani to draw up a counter statement. This book of Wilson's, and the vile abuse of the English press, had great influence, it was supposed, upon the rupture of the treaty of Amiens. Wilson, it was said, was deceived by one Roworth, a printer, who assisted him in compiling his history, and who produced an obscure pamphlet, published at Constantinople, and of no sort of authority, in proof of the monstrous crimes attributed to General Bonaparte.--It was not in Wilson's nature to examine very strictly anything which tended to the discredit of Bonaparte, and so he readily adopted the lies of the pamphlet. About the same time he published a work upon the organization of the British army, in which he denounced the practice of corporal punishment with all the vehemence peculiar to his character, for he was no half-way man about anything.

The war broke out again in 1803, but as the English sent no army to the continent, Wilson, no doubt much to his discomfort, was compelled to remain quiet until 1806, when he went abroad with the embassy of Lord Hutchinson. In December he joined the Russian army in Poland, and was once more in his element. He participated in all the terrible battles of that terrible campaign, was present at Pultusk, Eylan, Friedland, and many other less decisive actions, fought like a lion in all of them, and attracted the particular attention and regard of the Emperor Alexander In 1811 he published a narrative of this campaign, so full of exaggerations; misrepresentations, and errors of every description, that it could not go down even in England. It was handled unmercifully by the Edinburgh Review, and the question was significantly asked, "If the Russians are such heroes, and beat the French so continually on all occasions, why did Napoleon obtain all the objects of the war, and why did the Russians always give way before him?" In the meantime, however, the peace of Tilsit destroyed all Sir Robert's hopes of smelling any more gunpowder in that part of Europe, and he forthwith removed his quarters to the Peninsula, where there was a very pretty prospect of a row. In 1808 he organized the Lusitanian legion, and engaged in innumerable conflicts with French detachments, but was finally routed, with almost the entire destruction of his force at Banos. He contrived to reorganize it, but it was never so effective as it had been before its defeat. In 1812 we find him at Constantinople, whence he was sent on a secret mission to the Emperor Alexander. This mission forms the subject of the posthumous book, the title of which stands at the head of this article. Its statements with regard to well known historical facts seem to have been drawn from publications made since that time — such as the works of Labaume and Segur --and not to have been derived from his own observation. He was present at the battle of Smolensk, but not at that of Borodino. He was in most of the actions on the retreat, and went with the Russian army to Germany, where he made the campaign of 1813. He was engaged in all the battles of that gigantic campaign — Lutzen, (where he distinguished himself,) Bautzen, Wurchen, Dresden, Leipzig. He continued with the allies during the campaign of 1814 in France, and was engaged in all the battles.

After the return of Napoleon from Elba, and his defeat at Waterloo, Sir Robert Wilson won the applause of all Europe, by assisting Lavalette to escape, at his own imminent personal risk. For this exploit, he was reprimanded in general orders, by the Duke of York, Commander-in-Chief of the British army. In 1816, finding Europe at peace, he went to South America, and took service under Bolivar, but becoming dissatisfied, he returned to England, and was in 1818 returned to Parliament from the borough of Southwark. In the trial of Queen Caroline, which took place in the autumn of 1820, he distinguished himself by the zeal with which he embraced the cause of that unfortunate Princess. George IV. never forgave him. At the funeral of the Queen, in 1821, the popular sympathy was so great, and the demonstration so threatening, that an outbreak appeared inevitable. Sir Robert exerted himself with all his accustomed energy to prevent the effusion of blood, and he succeeded. For this service the King, shortly after, in 1822, struck his name from the army roll. It was a serious matter for him, for he had expended several thousand pounds in the purchase of commissions; but his constituents immediately opened a subscription, which more than reimbursed him. He had soon an opportunity of gratifying his favorite passion. France declared war against the Spanish Cortez in 1823. Wilson immediately repaired to Spain, and entered the service of the Cortez. He was desperately wounded at the battle of Corunna, and escaped with difficulty to Lisbon, just in time to witness the complete overthrow of the Cortez. We are under the impression that he was imprisoned, but we are not sure. At any rate, the King of Portugal, the King of Spain, the King of Prussia, the Emperor of Russia, and Franci of Austria, (whom he had saved from captivity,) all recalled the Orders which they had bestowed on him.

Such was Wilson. He figured no more in public life that we recollect, but his career was certainly a most romantic one. To his credit be it said, he always fought for what he conceived to be the just cause, and no consideration could induce him to fight for any other. Strange to say, he died in his bed an old man, after all the dangers he had been through.

We propose, hereafter, to make a few comments upon this book, and upon Blackwood's essay on it.

Conservative men.

It is truly a blessing to live in an age of conservative men — of men we mean who modestly assume the exclusive virtue of conservatism, and take all that is worth having in the country into their conservative keeping. It is a pleasure to the eye to look upon these "solid men"--men of solid corporations, solid watch chains and solid canes, which they "whop down," as Sam Slick would say, in a manner that indicates "their intention to keep things in their places;" men who meet you with a knowing toss of the head, as much as to say, "that's me, that is, and who you are I don't know, and what's more, I don't want to know." It gives one an assurance of perfect public security to know that there are so many men in the country whose whole life is devoted to the preservation of society — who are always calling themselves by the pet names of "conservative," sometimes varying it by styling themselves "the good men of the nation," and occasionally, "Americans of the era of '76." What would become of the world without a profession which lives by Conservatism? They are the salt of the earth, the charcoal that keeps the State from decomposition, the chloride of lime that wards off cholera, plague, and yellow fever. The definition of conservative, as given in Worcester's popular Dictionary, (good Conservative authority,) is--"1st. That which preserves. 2d. One opposed to political changes in the State or Government — a story." To which the great lexicographer adds the following note from the historian, Macaulay: "We see that if M. Dumont had died in 1799, he would have died, to use the new can't word, a decided conservative"

We fancy that if some of our enlightened fellow-citizens who are continually boasting that they are "Conservatives," were aware that they are calling themselves "Tories," they would drop that popular style of self-laudation in a hurry. We are well a ware that they intend no disrespect to themselves by insisting that they are the only "conservatives," i. e., "tories" in the country, but we respectfully suggest that they desist from calling themselves such hard names.

More good signs from France.

The New York Express considers it certain that the Southern Confederate Republic will, at no distant day, receive an official recognition at the hands of the Emperor of the French. Hitherto the Republican journalists have laughed at the intimation that such might be the case, just as they laughed at other people last summer and fall for expressing a conviction then that, if their sectionalism were persisted in, South Carolina would secede; but the following significant extract from the news by the Arabia is of a character to substitute for the laugh a suspicion that one of the newest of the Napoleonic ideas is, that the anti- slavery element, upon which the Northern geographical party exist, is but a gigantic imposition, and an imposition which France, at least, is in no humor to put up with:

[extract.]

"The Paris Moniteur is indignant at the increase of duties imposed by the Northern United States upon French productions. Silks which paid nineteen per cent. will have now to pay from twenty to thirty, and wines which paid thirty, will have to pay thirty-three and a half; and so of other kinds of goods and produce. The official journal accuses the Northern deputies of having taken advantage of the absence of those from the South to do this smart bit of business, and laments to have to observe this retrograde movement from free trade, when all other countries are, on the contrary, advancing towards liberty of commerce. There is another ground or lamentation in the suspicion which is now raised, that the anti-slave declarations of the Northern monopolists are not so completely nimated as they ought to be by that ardent and self-sacrificing devotion to principle which, alone, can secure the triumph of a just cause. If selfishness of one kind be arrayed against selfishness of another, it cannot be expected that the generous sympathies of mankind will be with either."

Such indications as these from an official journal following the emphatic articles of Le Pays on behalf of the Southern Confederacy, show the direction in which the French columns are about to move. We are rejoiced to believe that France, the greatest and most chivalrous of modern empires, will, in all probability, be the first of the European Powers to acknowledge Southern Independence, whilst the interest of England, much against the dictates of her pseudo-philanthropy, will compel her to take the same position.

Died.

On Tuesday, the 19th Inst., Oscar F., son of O. F. and Louisa Breesee, aged 2 years and 14 days.

His funeral will take place from his father's residence, on

7th st

., between

Clay

and

Leigh sts.

, on this (Wednesday) afternoon, at 4 o'clock, to which the friends and acquaintances of the family are respectfully invited to attend.

On Tuesday, 19th inst., Richmond Arthur Hamilton, infant son of Joseph and Catherine Renter, aged 2 months and 19 days.

His funeral will take place from his father's residence, corner

6th

and

Centre streets

, at 4 o'clock this evening. The friends and acquaintances of the family are respectfully invited to attend.

In the county of Goochland, on the 14th inst., Morriss, infant child of Wm. N. and E. A. Barret. aged seven months and eight days.

Marine intelligence.Port of Richmond, March 19, 1861.high Water this day (Wednesday) at 11¼ o'clk.

Arrived,

Schr. Ada Ames, Ames, Rockport, ice, B. Wardwell & Co.

Schr.Wm. Gregory, Bucklin, Rockland, lime, Bridgford & Co

Schr. John E. Adams, Tyree, Petersburg, wheat, Dunlop, Moncure & Co.

Sailed,

Steamship Yorktown. Parrish, New York, mdze. and passengers. Ludlam & Watson.

Steamer Geo. Peabody, Pritchard, Balt., mdze. and passengers, D. & W. Currie.

Steamship Virginia, Kelley, Philadelp'a, mdze. and passengers, C P. Cardozo.

Schr. Hope, Frank, down the river, light.

Boston, March 15.

--Arrived, Schr. Richmond, Richmond.

Baltimore. March 18.--Arrived, schr. Elizabeth and Eleanor, Richmond.

Dover. March 1--Off, American ship Pepperell. Hill, from City Point, Va., for Bremen, (full cargo of tobacco,) 28 days. Experienced a hurricane on the 8th of February, in lat. 40 N., lon. 60 W.; blew away sails and shipped a sea and hove ship on her bean ends; carried away three boats and stove after-house; carried away rails, broke in quarter deck, and filled cabin with water; damaged chronometer and all the stores, and broke to pieces all the inside of cabin, and disabled the mate and shifted the cargo, and caused the ship to make much water, and swept the docks of everything moveable.

$25 reward.

--Ranaway from my farm, Long Row, Hanover county, about the 8th of January, a Negro man, named Peter Brown, about 21 years old, of a dark brown color, with a scar one side of his neck; also a small one on his knee; very long-legged, and upwards of six feet high. The above reward will be paid, if delivered to me, or secured in jail.

Wm. J. Carpenter. mh 20--1m* Attention, Fayette artillery!

--Assemble at Military Hall, this (Wednesday,) evening, March 20th, at 7½ o'clock, in undress uniform, for Company meeting and drill.

By order of Capt. Cabell. James N. Clark, 1st Sergt. mh 20--1t Henrico light Dragoons.

Meet for important business, at the Court-House, in citizens' dress, with side-arms, at 2 o'clock P. M., on Tuesday, the 20th of March.

By order of Col. Davis. Jas. R. Belcher, Ord'ly Sergt. mh 20--6t Headq'rs 33d Reg't Va. Militia.March 14th, 1861.

Order No. 10.

A Board of Officers, composed of the Field and Commanding Officers of companies of the 33d Regiment, will convene at the Office of Col. J. P. Harrison, on Tuesday, the 25th of March, at 10 o'clock A. M.

In this order, Commandants of Cavalry companies are included.

By order of Col. Davis. W. H. Pryor, Adj't. mh 20--6t

Special notices.

Wants

Dry goods, &c.

Servants for hire. A no. 1 Seamstress and lady's Chambermaid for sale.

--I am authorized to sell privately, to remain in the city of Richmond, a young Girl, who is said to be a first-rate Seamstress and lady's Chambermaid. She is a good Ironer and Washer. A bargain can be had in the girl, if immediate application be made to

R. B. Lyne. Agent. Metropolitan Hall. mh 18--ts For hire.

--A smart Mulatto Boy, who is very handy in the dining-room. He would be a very useful dining-room or house servant to a gentleman. Apply at

Phillips' Office;

12th st

., betw. Main and Bank. ja 10--ts

Candidates for Office.for city Gauger.

Lost, Strayed, &c.

Piano-Fortes for sale

Military notice.Arms for volunteers.

Volunteer Companies, and

Counties Desiring Arms,

Are hereby informed that we have made arrangements for a supply of the best

English and American Guns,

including the

Minnie Musket,

English Enfield Rifle,

Rifled Muskets,

with either

Angular or Sword Bayonets,

Fine Navy Pistols,

Also, French Cavalry Sabres,

a superior article, at a low price. Sample of

the above may be seen at our Store.

Orders respectfully solicited.

Also, on hand our usual large variety of

Officers' Swords,

Belts, Sashes,

Epaulettes,

Passants,

Gloves, Spurs, &c.

Together with

Buttons, Laces, Bindings,

and all necessary

Trimmings for Uniforms,

Mitchell & Tyler.

198 Main street

mh 16--d(2dp)&cwlm

Grays, attention!

--Members desirous of disposing of their old Uniform Coats, are requested to leave them, with their names attached, with Sergeant Wm. Ira Smith immediately,

By order. E. W. Branch, 1st Serg't fe 25--ta

Page image of Daily Dispatch, Volume 19, Number 66, page 3.

Richmond Dispatch. Wednesday morning., March 20, 1861. [reported for the Richmond Daily Dispatch.]proceedings of the Baltimore Annual Conference.Fifth day. Staunton, Va., March 18.

Conference met and engaged in singing and prayer, after which the minutes were read and approved.

A paper concerning Dickinson College was road and referred. President Johnson addressed the Conference briefly.

The report of Bernard Hough, Tract Agent, was read and referred to the proper committee.

T. H. W. Monroe made some inquiries for the benefit of the Board of Conference Stewards. The Board was directed to use their discretion in the matters referred to.

Moses May and C. C. Calvert were examined by the Bishop. The committee on their examination reported favorably, and they were admitted to full connection, and elected to Deacon's orders.

A committee of three were appointed on the Metropolitan Church, of Washington city, viz: S. S. Roszel, B. F. Brooke, Wm. Hamilton.

On motion, the order of the day was taken up.

George W. Israel obtained the floor, and said that he spoke only from a sense of duty. The unity of the Conference should be the concern of us all. To attain this we must go back to fundamentals. Some propose to strike out everything on the subject. That is revolutionary The most you can do is to protest, and seek redress under the Constitution, if the action of the General Conference be constitutional. If unconstitutional, however, that makes a difference. There I take my stand. The General Conference is restricted by six rules. The first is this: "The General Conference shall not revoke, alter, or change our Articles of Religion, nor establish any new standards or rules of doctrine contrary to our present existing and established standards of doctrine." Is the New Chapter, then, a rule of doctrine, and if so, is it contrary to our established standards of doctrine? A doctrine is a declaration of belief touching the declarations of Scripture. If this definition be correct, this is a doctrine. It is declarative. It is a doctrine of faith. You can't get round that. A declaration of faith predicated on the word of God itself. I said, the other night, that I could not say that the Baltimore Conference was the Methodist Episcopal Church. --I now say the contrary. The Chapter, I think, is not law. I grant this. But this rule of doctrine is far worse. Bro.Heterick has said, this morning, to you, "I can't take on myself the ordination vows." He said right. This is a doctrine. Bishop Scott well gave this as his decision. He said, that "it claimed to be the doctrine of the Church. " The General Conference makes this claim. Now, let us inquire, is it a true doctrine, or a false doctrine? If it be true, you must carry it out.--Is the "holding of human beings to be used as chattels contrary to the law of God?" etc.

D. Thomas asked whether the first restrictive rule related merely to articles of religion or to morals in general?

Thos. Sewall said: "Admit that the General Conference has done this thing; is it merely unconstitutional, and null and void, or does it dispossess the General Conference and possess us — that is, make us the M. E. Church?"

Mr. Israel said: The General Conference has violated the Constitution of the Church, and are the revolutionists. There is the rock on which I stand. I hold human beings to be used as "chattels;" as chattels personal, be contrary to the word of God, I would fight for it. But I believe it false. The simple relation of master and slave is not sinful per se. Such is the recognition of the Old and New Testament. We are not called upon to say whether any particular form of slavery is right or wrong, but to say whether per se the relation of master and slave is according to the Bible. here is the question. The General Conference has laid every slaveholder in the Church under this threefold censure. The men of the General Conference were not children; they were great men. Here is their censure, cast upon us. I have never believed that the General Conference instituted a new test of membership. But suppose the class leader of a probationer believes the doctrine of the New Chapter, and the probationer does not, can the leader recommend him? No. -- Hence he can't get in. The General Conference has made a Church abolition in doctrine, and slaveholding in practice. They have even opened the doors to slaveholding preachers. But this is not our fault. We can't receive the offensive doctrine. Have we not a bar to the admission into the Church of any man, slaveholder or non-slaveholder, who disbelieves the doctrine? The act of the General Conference is, then, unconstitutional and revolutionary. The Baltimore Conference is the M. E. Church. The General Conference has destroyed the unity of the Church, and I am glad that Father Griffith can stand on the Constitution, and in the Baltimore Conference, and yet be in the M. E. Church. We must stand on the Constitution and throw off their authority. We must go into the Supreme Court of the United States, if necessary, for our property. The Laymen's Convention has given you a sheet anchor. It will hold in the midst of the tempest.

"God moves in a mysterious way, His wonders to perform; He plants His footsteps in the sea, And rides upon the storm. Ye fearful saints, Irish courage take; The cloaks ye so much dread, Are big with mercy, and shall break in blessings on your head."

Brethren, I have been placed in mysterious circumstances — you know them. More than four years ago I fell asleep; in that sleep I dreamed. I stood with my face to the West. There appeared a swarm of bees. It was divided into two parts. All was strife, all was confusion. They sought to form a swarm.-- At length I saw a little bee come, as from the Heavens, descending from the East. It alighted; they ceased their strife — attracted, they left, and gathered thick around, a beautiful swarm. I awoke, very solemn, In regard to this circumstance a seal has been placed on my lips. Not even to the companion of my bosom have I related it; but God has removed the seal. I have looked on my Church and my country. I won't say there is any applicability, but would to God the little bee would come! Would to God we could be united! Emotion in the audience.

Wm. Hirst rose to a personal explanation.

Isaac Gibson said — I am ready to yield the floor to any one on the other side of the question, who will answer Brother Israel's argument. (No one responding, he proceeded.) -- In all countries the principles entering into a compact, are recognized as the life of the compact. It is a ruling in the courts of civilization that a violation of a compact by a majority leaves the minority in possession of the principles, and the real organic body. If this be not true, constitutions are paper and naught else. Does the New Chapter bring in a new doctrine? Let us go to history. In the early Methodist Church they tried to bring in emancipation. Bishop Asbury says that the Church is not ready, and the Church threw it out as ruinous. In 1836, Orange Scott & Co.--not our Bishop; [laughter]--tried it again. They failed. In 1856 it was tried again, according to the Constitution, and failed. --In 1860, in another way, they brought into the Discipline a doctrine repudiated until then. This was never in the old compact, you see. Hence the compact is violated; hence the act is revolutionary; hence the minority is left in possession of the principles of the compact. and is left as the Church. I wish to illustrate a little. On what right do we, as Protestants, claim to be the Church of God? Romanism, in the sixteenth century, was in the majority. If, then, the revolutionary General Conference be the Church, then I say let us acknowledge Rome as the Church of God. Again, Rome called a Council to decide who were the Church. The Council was at Trent. There it was decided by the majority that the minority, the protesting part, was wrong, and was to be damned. Rome had become corrupt — had violated the old doctrines and brought in new ones. Was Rome the Church? Yet there is where the assertion that violations of a compact do not dispossess majorities will lead you. Go to the Arian controversy. Arius contended that Christ was not God. Then came the Athanasian war, and Arianism triumphed; and Athanasius went to wander in the wilderness and in caves. Where was the Church? You know, and cry, "The Church of God in the Wilderness." But the assertion that a corrupt majority is the Church, makes Arianism the Church of God. But Athanasius said, "We are the Church; stand, though the desert be watered with our blood. " And at last he triumphed. Now, I want to know whether the majority of Arius or the minority of Athanasius was the Church? What is now our relation to this new heresy? After many efforts this New Chapter has been proclaimed the doctrine of the Church. The Articles of Religion comprehend politics and morals.-- (See the 25 articles in Discipline.) Suppose the General Conference had declared you, at this juncture, absolved from that article of religion which says: "The President, the Congress, the General Assemblies, the Governors, etc., are the rulers of the United States of America;" would it be a cause of separation to the Conference? This touches the Union heart just now. If a majority can enact a new rule, etc., and the General Conference, by a majority, can alter our political relations, then they can alter our relations to the Courts, and yet retain their integrity as the Church. The General Conference can put this thing anywhere in the Discipline, and become a revolutionary majority, so far as any restrictive rule is concerned.

Rehoboam was a very bad king. He said he'd "make his little finger heavier than his father's loins."Israel said because of his oppressions, "I'll forsake God and build high places."They left even the divine covenant. Shall we, because of law suits and denunciations, forsake our Constitution, the ark of our covenant? No, sir! Let us, like Judah and Namassah, say, "though Rehoboam's finger be heavier than his father's loins, here is the ark of God, and here will we stand."Let the North, with its teeming millions, proclaim its doctrines, but here we of the Baltimore Conference will stand, and here we will die, by the ark of our God. Where are the ten tribes who forseek God? Science and tradition inquire, and "echo answers where?" The little tribe of Judah and the half tribe of Namassah still held to the ark, even in captivity, and when they could not find the ark they built a place for the ark.

The Baltimore Conference is small compared with the heresy and the majority, but if we maintain our integrity we will be taken care of. Judah was honored. Our religion came down through the little band which stood on Mount Moriah and said, "We will stand by the ark." Let us stand by our Constitution as a Church. Here I stand, and here my frail body shall fall.

The subject was postponed till to-morrow, at 10 A. M., J. N. Davis having the floor.

S. S. Roszel presented and read the memorial of the Laymen's Convention.

The following is an extract of this paper, giving its meaning:

"We do not pretend to conceal that, whatever course you may take to allay the strife and excitement amongst us, we will be involved in some difficulty. After due deliberation, therefore, we have determined to ask our preachers of the Baltimore Annual Conference, that, for the sake of quiet in our borders — for the sake of the preaching of the Gospel, that it may find ready entrance among us, for the ending of controversy, and to promote the best interests of Methodism and religion, they redeem the pledges given, time after time, to our people, and sunder a connection — now merely nominal--one which is full of strife and positive death to all hopes of peace or the advancement of Christianity in our midst, in the manner prescribed in the following resolutions:

"1st. Resolved, That the Baltimore Annual Conference ought at its present session, to declare that the General Conference of the M. E. Church, hold at Buffalo, in May last, by its unconstitutional action has sundered the ecclesiastical relation which has hitherto held us together as one Church, and that the Baltimore Annual Conference does not and cannot longer recognize its connection with this jurisdiction.

"2d. Resolved, That the Baltimore Annual Conference do assert that the said General Conference has by its said action, violated the first restrictive rule which declares the General Conference shall not revoke, alter or change our Articles of Religion, nor establish any new standard or rule of doctrine, contrary to our present existing and established standard of doctrine, and thereby has separated the several Annual Conferences represented therein; and concurring in said action from the Baltimore and other non-concurring Conference, and that the Baltimore and other non-concurring Conferences constitute the M. E. Church proper, and may exercise all the rights, duties and powers appertaining properly to their position as such.

"3d. Resolved, That nevertheless, if in accordance with the spirit of the foregoing preamble, three-fourths of the several Annual Conferences, to be held prior to December 4th, 1861, seeing the great wrong and injury done to the Baltimore and other border Conferences, shall unite in a demand that the most thorough and satisfactory redress shall be given, and shall instruct their delegates so to vote in General Conference: 1st, the abrogation of the New Chapter; 2d. by ignoring the whole subject of slavery in the Discipline, 3rd. that a fair proportion of the periodicals of the Church be placed under the charge and direction of said Conferences; then, and not until then, will we re-unite with them in the bonds of Church fellowship.

"4. Resolved. That a committee be appointed by this Convention to present the proceedings of the same to the present session of the Baltimore Annual Conference, through such members, of the Conference as they may elect, and that they be instructed so to do, at the earliest practicable moment, and that the Conference be requested to communicate the action had to the several Annual Conferences, and to take, at the proper time, such action as the position we occupy requires.

[True copy.] J. A. Morgan,Sec'y."

On motion, it was referred to Committee of the Whole, and included in the order of the day for to-morrow, at 10 A. M.

A resolution commending the noble liberality of the State of Virginia in founding the magnificent Asylum for the Blind and Deaf and Dumb, and thanking the Faculty for the exhibition of Friday, was passed by a rising vote.

Conference adjourned till 3 P. M., to-day.

Correspondence of the Richmond Dispatch.things in Fredericksburg. Fredericksburg, Va., March 19th, 1861.

Yesterday was an exciting time here, as it was the annual municipal election. Mr. Montgomery Slaughter was chosen Mayor. Last night his friends seemed very jubilant — so much so that your correspondent was several times interrupted in his slumbers by the shouting near his window.

Business is quite dull, and but little is being done except reading papers and talking about the probable result of our national troubles.

The Baptists have been holding meetings for a week, and when the weather would permit, the congregations have been very large. Next week, Bishop Johns, of the Episcopal Church, will be here. Fredericksburg abounds in churches, and the religious element is very strong.

The schools seem not to suffer from the crisis. Rev. Dr. Broaddus has the largest Female Institute here, numbering some fifty.

I have noticed for several days that very few persons are passing through on the cars. The travel seems almost suspended. Black Republican rule will likely injure the Richmond and Fredericksburg Railroad more than any other in the State. But there are not a few here who are yet hoping that peace and harmony will be restored, and our country be one again. Mr. Goggin's secession resolutions created some sensation yesterday.

The Dispatch seems to be taken by nearly every family here, and is read with great interest.

The New U. S. Tariff.

--The Morrill tariff is creating much dissatisfaction abroad. The Paris Moniteur, speaking of its provisions, says:

"This retrograde reform has been very badly received in England, and will be no better liked in France; for our silks, which used to pay nineteen per cent., will pay a tax varying from twenty to thirty per cent., and our wines, taxed at thirty per cent., will be assessed at 33½ per cent., If a reconciliation should be effected in the United States, which does not yet appear to be beyond hope, it is proper to surmise that the abolition of this tariff will be one of the compromise clauses obtained by the South. If the Union be not re-established, the programme of free trade proclaimed by the South will open to our trade and agriculture a road to fruitful intercourse and large returns.

A disappointed Patriot.

--Carl Schurz, the notorious German agitator, has missed the Sardinian mission. The New York "Demokrat" notices some of the opposition which has resulted in his defeat:

"In Europe, as well as America, Heaven and earth are set in motion to agitate against the appointment of Mr. Schurz, and even Baron Gerolt,--in the interest of Prussia, --protests against his nomination, in which he is sustained by the whole diplomatic corps, including the Italian Minister. From New York city a monster petition has been presented against him at Washington."

The New Foreign Ministers.

--The Federal Administration, as announced, has also made its selection of Ministers for the important European Courts. Hon. Charles Francis Adams, a member of the last Congress from Massachusetts, and a son of John Quincy Adams, is nominated for England. Hon. Wm. L. Dayton, of New Jersey, is nominated for the French Mission. Mr. Dayton served a term in the United States Senate, and was a candidate for Vice President on the Fremont ticket in 1856. Hon. George P. Marsh, of Vermont, gets the Sardinian Mission, which was so strongly demanded by Carl Schurz. Mr. Marsh served one term in the House of Representatives, and was appointed Resident Minister to Turkey by President Taylor in 1849. He is more eminent as a scholar and author than as a politician. Gen. Watson Webb, editor of the New York Courier, has been nominated Minister to the Turkish Porte.

Literary.

--In the Georgia Convention a resolution has been adopted, requesting the Governor to offer a reward of $500 each for the following works, to be written or compiled by citizens resident in the Confederate States of America--viz: A spelling book for the use of common schools, an arithmetic, an English grammar, a geography, and two reading books, one for beginners and one for more advanced scholars; the prize to be awarded by a committee appointed by the Governor, and the books selected to be published and printed within the Confederacy, and the copyright to be owned or disposed of by the authors or compilers of the several works.

The city of Messina, in Sicily, with a population of 100,000, contains several theatres and churches, but not a single newspaper.

Col. Joseph Strong, late of the U. S. Army, died in Baltimore last week.

Telegraphic News. Reported for the Richmond Dispatch. From Washington. Washington, March 19th.

--The Commissioners of the Southern Confederacy expect no answer to their official communication to the Administration for ten or twelve days. In the meantime they feel confident that there will be no collision or change of the military status in the seceded States. They have telegraphic assurances from Montgomery that ample arrangements have been made to avoid all trouble for the present at Fort Pickens.

Charles Howe has been appointed Collector at Key West.

There is little if any doubt that Fort Sumter will be evacuated to-morrow. Orders have already been sent forward to that effect.

Meeting of the Canadian Parliament. Montreal, March 18.

--The Canadian Parliament met at Quebec on Saturday afternoon. The speech of the Governor contains very little of importance. He congratulates the members on the returning prosperity of the country, alludes to the visit of the Prince of Wales; recommends assimilating laws in the two sections of the province; a bankrupt law for Upper Canada and improvement in the discipline of the prisons. He says that great efforts will be made to establish a sound system of immigration and promote the settlement of the wild lands. He then makes a slight allusion to the Anderson case.

Extra session of the U. S. Senate. Washington, March 19.

--Mr. Douglas' resolutions were up.

Mr. Clingman, of N. C., argued that the Inaugural meant war, and that war was the real purpose of the Administration. Within the last three days he had information of heavy guns and large reinforcements going South to take possession of forts in North Carolina, Virginia, and elsewhere.

Messrs. Hale, Chandler and Simmons replied.

After an Executive session, the Senate

Adjourned.

Heavy snow storm at Wilmington. Wilmingtnn, N. C., March 19.

--A heavy snow storm prevailed at this place last night. Snow fell four inches deep, on a level, accompanied by sleet and a high wind. The storm continued till 4 o'clock this morning. It extended as far South as Milledgeville.

During the storm the roof of the engine and locomotive house fell in. Only one man was hurt. The building was a large one.

Arrival of the Palestine at Portland. Portland, Me., March 18.

--The steamship Palestine, from Liverpool on the 28th ult., via Londonderry on the 1st, arrived here at 8 o'clock yesterday (Sunday) morning, with 44 passengers and £7,500 in specie. Reports experienced continued head winds during the voyage, and passed, March 3d, a steamer, supposed to be the United Kingdom, bound East.

The news by the Palestine is anticipated.

Marine Disasters. Norfolk, March 19.

--Schooner Susan F. Abbott, from Philadelphia, bound for Savannah, arrived here in distress, sails gone, masts sprung.

British schooner Wrenn, of St. Andrews, from Matanzas, bound for New York with molasses, abandoned at sea Friday. Her crew were taken off by the schooner Edward Herbert, and brought here.

Northern Markets. Baltimore, March 19.

--Flour dull and unchanged. Wheat steady — red $1.25@1.27; white $1.4 1.60. Corn dull — mixed 55@56; yellow 57@69 white 60@sic. Other articles unchanged.

New York. March 19.

--Cotton firm — Upland Middling 12@12½c. Flour quiet — Southern $5 35@ $5 70. Wheat firm-- Kentucky white $1.65. Corn firm — mixed 66½c. Lard dull and unsettled at 9@ 10c Whiskey dull at 17½17½c. Sugar steady-- Muscovado 4½@5; Havana 5½c. Rosin steady at $1.20@$1.25 Stocks dull and irregular-- N. Y. Central's 86½; Virginia 6's 78; Missouri's 65½c.

Sales in New York, March 18., of $7,000 Va. 6's at 78½ $1,000 do. at 78½ $6,000 Mo. 6's at 66½, and $25,000 do., b. 30, at 60½.

Wood, Coal, &c.

Auction Sales.future days.by Thomas W. Keesee, Auct'r,

Steamboats, shipping, &c.

Runaways. $10 reward.

--One of my servants, named Robert James, ran off on Thursday, the 7th. He is Ditcher, exclusively, and took off his tools with him, with a view doubtless to obtain work on his own account, to which he had been accustomed before I purchased him. I will pay the above reward for his apprehension and delivery to me.

James Lyons. P. S.--I have heard that he has been offering himself in the lower part of the city as a well digger. J. L. [mh 19--1w] Committed to jail as a Runaway.

--Was committed to the jail of the corporation of the city of Norfolk, on the 2d day of January, 1861, Negro Man Wm. Johnson. The said negro man is five feet three inches high, and weighs about 135 pound.; has one scar on right arm above his elbow; light complexion; about thirty years old.

Had on when committed to jail, black cloth coat, black pants, glazed cap, and says he was born free, in Baltimore, Maryland.

Thos. J. Corprew, Sergeant City Norfolk. mh 15--6w Horses for sale.

Auction Sales.future days.by Goddin & Apperson, Auct's.

Trustee's sale of land and five Negroes, in Hanover.

--Pursuant to the provisions of a deed of trust; dated the 24th October, 1860, and recorded in the Clerk's Office of Hanover County Court, on the 25th October, 1860, from Burwell B. Dickinson, and Otery F., his wife, to the subscriber, I shall at the request of--& Hutcheson, the beneficiaries in said deed, on Friday, the 19th of April, 1861. (If fair; if not, the first fair day thereafter, Sundays excepted,) proceed to sell at auction, for Cash, to the highest bidder, at Green Bay, in the upper end of Hanover, three miles from Beaver Dam Depot, on the Virginia Central Railroad, and half a mile from Green Bay Crossing, the following property, or so much thereof as may be necessary to pay the debt, $2,084.80, secured by said deed of trust, with interest thereon from the 24th October, 1860, and all costs of preparing and enforcing said deed of trust, selling the Negroes first. The property to be sold is thus described in the deed of trust: "Five Slaves — man Henry, man Ned, boy John, girl Jane, and woman Milly; and the Tract of land, in the county of Hanover, on which the said Burwell B. Dickinson now resides, with all the appurtenances thereof, estimated to contain 56½ acres, being the same land which was conveyed to the said Burwell B. Dickinson by Wm. Hancock, and which adjoins the lands of E. A. Rowzie, Michael Schroeder, and William T. Dickinson."

Title believed to be good, but I shall only pass the title vested in me by the deed of trust.

John Page, Trustee. mh 16--dt19Ap.

Auction Sales.future days.by Jas. M. Tayler & son, Auct's.

Auction Salesthis dayby Dunlop. Moncure & Co., Auct's.

Dissolutions, &c.

Hotels.

Page image of Daily Dispatch, Volume 19, Number 066, page 4.

Wednesday Morn'g. March 20, 1861. A Parlor Inmate.

--Miss Fuller, in a late latter from Europe, mentions having become acquainted with Dr. Southwood Smith, the well-known philanthropist:

"On visiting him," says the lady, "we saw an object which I had often heard celebrated, and had thought would be revolting, but found, on the contrary, quite an agreeable sight; this is the skeleton of Jeremy Bentham. It was at Bentham's request that the skeleton, dressed in the same dress that he habitually wore, stuffed out to an exact resemblance of life, and with a portrait mask in wax, sits there as assistant to Dr. Smith, in the entertainment of his guests and companion of his studies. The figure leans a little forward, resting the hand on a stout stick which Bentham always carried, and had named 'Dapple,' The attitude is quite easy; the expression of the whole mild, winning, yet highly intellectual individual.

"It is well-known than Bentham, in order to oppose, in the most convincing manner, the prejudice against dissection of the human subject, willed his body to surgeons, and in a codicil, subsequently written, made a final bequest of his skeleton to his friend, Dr. Smith, "

The weather at Lake superior.

--The Marquette (Wis.) Journal, of the 12th February, says:

"This month has been piercingly cold. On the 7th instant the thermometer stood at 30 degrees below zero in the morning, 33 degrees below in the evening. A teamster, named Lampson, was frozen to death whilst going towards Negaunee. An Irishman was also frozen to death. Nine persons arrived on snow shoes at Marquette from Portage Lake --four days in coming — left on Wednesday, were on the Huron mountains Thursday night, when the thermometer in Marquette stood at 33 degrees below zero, but kept from freezing by their big fire."

Napoleon and the Clergy.

--The war between the Bishops and the French Government is now assuming such proportions that a "cataclysm"--to use M. de Gramont's expression to Cardinal Antonelli — must be near at hand. The Bishop of Poitiers, in a published pastoral letter, compares the Emperor to Pontius Pilate. This fact is announced by the Patrie, under the head of "Latest News," and attested, which " latest news" usually is not, by the signature of its leading writer, M. Pauline Limayrac. The Bishop also speaks of the Emperor in his letter as "this man."

Professional Cards.

Medical Hospitals.

Savings Banks.

Special notices.

Business notices.

Apothecaries, &c.

China, Glassware, &c.

Dentistry.

Jewelry, Spectacles, &c.

Tailoring

Hats, Caps, &c.

Travelers' Guide.

Boots, shoes, &c.

For Rent and sale.

Life and fire Insurance.